Forms of collective intelligence

The following table shows three major orientations of collective intelligence. (Of course there are many, many other groupings that assume different forms and take different strategies.)

	Business	Government	Civil Society
Name	Competitive Intelligence	Strategic Intelligence	Civic Intelligence
Orientation	Profit driven	Power, the "national interest"	Social and environmental amelioration, values-driven
Organization	Top-down, bureaucratized	Top-down, bureaucratized	Network-based, provisional, fluid leadership; yet still marginal and under-utilized
Engagement	Public relations campaign, advertising, lobbying	Legislation, speeches, meetings	Protests, letter writing, campaigns, discussions with peers, voting, document disclosure
Intelligence	Competitive, focus groups, industrial espionage	State level, spy satellites, wire tapping, strategic analysis, covert, polling	New framing of issues, intelligence networks, monitoring, FOIA (freedom of information act) requests
Products and Products	Services and commodities for sale	Services, licensing, policies, regulations, laws, policing, defense and war	Social innovation, social maintenance, services, policy papers, advocacy and protest, citizen journalism, citizen science, etc. New communication services, applications and technology.
Resources	Variable but often vast	Variable but often vast	Variable, generally unfocused and insufficient - but potentially vast

— from Presentation at HCII, Beijing