Difference between revisions of "Lomatium utriculatum"

From Puget Prairie Plants
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* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Lomatium'' ''vaseyi''
 
* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Lomatium'' ''vaseyi''
 
* Codon: LOMUTR
 
* Codon: LOMUTR
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[[File:LOUT CNLM veg avg.jpg|thumb|300px|right]]
 
−
 
−
[[File:LOUT BeccaReilly sdl good.JPG|thumb|right]]
 
 
===Taxonomy===
 
===Taxonomy===
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*Kingdom - Plantae – Plants
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{{Taxobox
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*Subkingdom - Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
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| image = LOMUTR1.jpg
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Superdivision - Spermatophyta – Seed plants
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| image_caption = Photo by Ben Legler, 2003, also featured on Main Page
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*Division - Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
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| name = '''''Lupinus albicaulis'''''
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*Class - Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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*Subclass - Rosidae
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| subregnum = Tracheobionta
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*Order - Apiales
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| phylum = Spermatophyta
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*Family - Apiaceae – Carrot family
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| subphylum= Magnoliophyta
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*Genus - Lomatium Raf. – desertparsley
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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*Species - - Lomatium utriculatum (Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray) J.M. Coult. & Rose – common lomatium
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| subclassis = Asteranae
 +
| ordo = Apiales
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| familia = Apiaceae
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| genus = '''''Lomatium''''' Raf.
 +
| species = ''''' Lomatium utriculatum''''' (Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray) J.M. Coult & Rose
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| subspecies =
 +
}}
 +
 
 
===Plant Description===
 
===Plant Description===
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General: Perennial from a slender taproot, 1-6 dm. tall.
+
Native perennial taprooted herb, up to 6 dm tall.<ref name=":0">Bowcutt, F., & Hamman, Sarah. (2016). ''Vascular plants
 +
of the South Sound prairies'' (First ed.). Olympia, Washington: The Evergreen
 +
State College Press.</ref>
  
−
Leaves: Leaves chiefly cauline, soft, ternate-pinnately dissected, the ultimate segments crowded, pointed, up to 5 mm. long and less than 1 mm. wide.
+
Leaves are lacy, pinnately to ternately-pinnately dissected, with inflated leaf sheaths, strongly caulescent.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler,
 +
B. et al. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual''.
 +
Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref>
  
−
Flowers: Inflorescence a compound umbel, the rays as many as 15, unequal, 2-7 mm. long at maturity; involucre none; bractlets of the involucel well developed, 2-5 mm. long, obovate to elliptic, the tip often shallowly cleft; calyx teeth none; flowers bright yellow; pedicels 2-8 mm. long.
+
Flowers arranged in compact compound umbels<ref name=":0" />, corolla yellow, pedicels 2-5 m. Involucre lacking, at base of compound umbel, but involucel, at base of each umbellet, present, slightly to strongly toothed.<ref name=":1" />
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<ref name="Burke">http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?Genus=Lomatium&Species=utriculatum </ref>
+
 
 +
Fruit dorsally ribbed,<ref name=":1" /> oil tubes 1-4 per rib interval.<ref>Lincoln Constance & Margriet Wetherwax 2017, ''Lomatium utriculatum'', in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) ''Jepson eFlora'', Revision 5, /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=31473, accessed on  June 08, 2020.</ref>
  
 
===Bloom Period===
 
===Bloom Period===
  
−
April-June <ref name="Burke">http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?Genus=Lomatium&Species=utriculatum </ref>
+
April-June. <ref name="Burke">WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum,
 +
& University of Washington. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Lomatium%20utriculatum</nowiki> </ref>
  
 
===Distribution===
 
===Distribution===
  
−
West of the Cascades in Washington;British Columbia south to California. <ref name="Burke">http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?Genus=Lomatium&Species=utriculatum </ref>
+
West Cascades, southern BC southward to southern California.<ref name=":1" />
  
 
===Habitat===
 
===Habitat===
  
−
Low elevations; somewhat moist, open, often rocky areas. <ref name="Burke">http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?Genus=Lomatium&Species=utriculatum </ref>
+
Low elevations, in open, rocky meadows and slopes, often growing with grasses.<ref name=":0" />
 
===Uses===
 
===Uses===
  
−
A decoction of the plant has been used as a wash for swollen and broken limbs. The root is analgesic and stomachic. It has been chewed or infused as a treatment for headaches and stomach complaints. <ref name="naturalmedicinalherbs">http://www.naturalmedicinalherbs.net/herbs/l/lomatium-utriculatum=common-lomatium.php</ref>
+
Atseguwi use of leaves as food.
 +
 
 +
Kawaiisu use of leaves and flowers, fried in fat, as food, and a decoction as a wash for broken limbs.
 +
 
 +
Salish use of roots, chewed or soaked in water, for headache or stomach issues.<ref>Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from <nowiki>http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Lomatium+utriculatum</nowiki></ref>
  
 
===Propagation===
 
===Propagation===
  
−
Seed - best sown as soon as it is ripe in a cold frame. Stored seed can be rather slow to germinate, when sown in the spring it usually takes at least 12 months to germinate. Giving it a period of cold stratification might reduce this time. The seedlings need to be pricked out into individual pots as soon as they are large enough to handle, and should be planted out into their permanent positions in the summer. Fresh seed can be sown immediately in situ. Division may be possible in spring or autumn.<ref name="naturalmedicinalherbs">http://www.naturalmedicinalherbs.net/herbs/l/lomatium-utriculatum=common-lomatium.php</ref>
+
Seeds are most easily sown as soon as they are ripe in a cold frame as stored, as seed can be rather slow to germinate.
 +
 
 +
When sown in the spring it usually takes at least 12 months to germinate, although this time most might be reduced by cold stratification.
 +
 
 +
Fresh seed can be sown immediately in site. Division may be possible in spring or autumn.<ref>''Lomatium utriculatum - (Nutt.)Coult.&Rose.'' Lomatium utriculatum Common Lomatium PFAF Plant Database. <nowiki>https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Lomatium+utriculatum</nowiki>.</ref>
  
 
===Seed===
 
===Seed===
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[[File:LOUT BendSeedExtractory,SeedsofSuccess sd good.jpg|thumb|right]]
 
 
'''Seed sample from:''' 2011
 
'''Seed sample from:''' 2011
  
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'''Color:''' Inner seed face is dark reddish brown, with off-white wings. Hilum is tan.  
 
'''Color:''' Inner seed face is dark reddish brown, with off-white wings. Hilum is tan.  
  
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'''Surface:''' Three off-white ridges run longitudinally across dark seed face. On opposite seed face, one off-white ridge bisects dark seed face from hilum to opposite apex. In most seeds, two shorter anZZXd lest distinct white markings run parallel to the main white ridge.  Seed smooth and somewhat iridescent.  
+
'''Surface:''' Three off-white ridges run longitudinally across dark seed face. On opposite seed face, one off-white ridge bisects dark seed face from hilum to opposite apex. In most seeds, two shorter and lest distinct white markings run parallel to the main white ridge.  Seed smooth and somewhat iridescent.  
  
 
'''Latitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical [[File:Luzula lat.png]]
 
'''Latitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical [[File:Luzula lat.png]]
 
    
 
    
 
'''Longitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical  [[File:Luzula long.png]]
 
'''Longitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical  [[File:Luzula long.png]]
 +
 +
=== Photo Gallery ===
 +
<gallery>
 +
File:LOMUTR2.jpg| Photo by Rod Gilber, 2007
 +
File:LOMUTR3.jpg| Fruit, photo by Ben Legler, 2004
 +
File:LOUT BeccaReilly sdl good.JPG| Seedling, courtesy CNLM
 +
File:LOMUTR4.jpg| Young leaf, courtesy CNLM
 +
</gallery>
  
 
===References===
 
===References===
 
----
 
----
 
<references />
 
<references />

Revision as of 14:42, 8 June 2020

  • Latin Name: Lomatium utriculatum
  • Family: Apiaceae
  • Common Names: common biscuit-root, bladder desert-parsley, spring-gold
  • Synonyms/Misapplications: Lomatium vaseyi
  • Codon: LOMUTR

Taxonomy

Lupinus albicaulis
Photo by Ben Legler, 2003, also featured on Main Page
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
Phylum: Spermatophyta
Subphylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Asteranae
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Lomatium Raf.
Species: Lomatium utriculatum (Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray) J.M. Coult & Rose

Plant Description

Native perennial taprooted herb, up to 6 dm tall.[1]

Leaves are lacy, pinnately to ternately-pinnately dissected, with inflated leaf sheaths, strongly caulescent.[1][2]

Flowers arranged in compact compound umbels[1], corolla yellow, pedicels 2-5 m. Involucre lacking, at base of compound umbel, but involucel, at base of each umbellet, present, slightly to strongly toothed.[2]

Fruit dorsally ribbed,[2] oil tubes 1-4 per rib interval.[3]

Bloom Period

April-June. [4]

Distribution

West Cascades, southern BC southward to southern California.[2]

Habitat

Low elevations, in open, rocky meadows and slopes, often growing with grasses.[1]

Uses

Atseguwi use of leaves as food.

Kawaiisu use of leaves and flowers, fried in fat, as food, and a decoction as a wash for broken limbs.

Salish use of roots, chewed or soaked in water, for headache or stomach issues.[5]

Propagation

Seeds are most easily sown as soon as they are ripe in a cold frame as stored, as seed can be rather slow to germinate.

When sown in the spring it usually takes at least 12 months to germinate, although this time most might be reduced by cold stratification.

Fresh seed can be sown immediately in site. Division may be possible in spring or autumn.[6]

Seed

Seed sample from: 2011

Average Measurement: 5.7 x 3.2 x 0.5

Measurement Range: L: 5.25 – 6.5, W: 2.5 – 4, D: 0.25 – 0.6

Features

Shape: Seeds schizoid, very flat and winged. Hilum and opposite apex are narrower than middle of seed.

Color: Inner seed face is dark reddish brown, with off-white wings. Hilum is tan.

Surface: Three off-white ridges run longitudinally across dark seed face. On opposite seed face, one off-white ridge bisects dark seed face from hilum to opposite apex. In most seeds, two shorter and lest distinct white markings run parallel to the main white ridge. Seed smooth and somewhat iridescent.

Latitudinal Cross Section: elliptical Luzula lat.png

Longitudinal Cross Section: elliptical Luzula long.png

Photo Gallery

  • Photo by Rod Gilber, 2007

  • Fruit, photo by Ben Legler, 2004

  • Seedling, courtesy CNLM

  • Young leaf, courtesy CNLM

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Bowcutt, F., & Hamman, Sarah. (2016). Vascular plants of the South Sound prairies (First ed.). Olympia, Washington: The Evergreen State College Press.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
  3. ↑ Lincoln Constance & Margriet Wetherwax 2017, Lomatium utriculatum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 5, /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=31473, accessed on June 08, 2020.
  4. ↑ WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Lomatium%20utriculatum
  5. ↑ Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Lomatium+utriculatum
  6. ↑ Lomatium utriculatum - (Nutt.)Coult.&Rose. Lomatium utriculatum Common Lomatium PFAF Plant Database. https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Lomatium+utriculatum.
Retrieved from "http://wikis.evergreen.edu/pugetprairieplants/index.php?title=Lomatium_utriculatum&oldid=4088"

The Evergreen State College