Difference between revisions of "Lomatium utriculatum"
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| − | Lomatium utriculatum | + | * Latin Name: ''Lomatium'' ''utriculatum'' |
| − | + | * Family: Apiaceae | |
| + | * Common Names: common biscuit-root, bladder desert-parsley, spring-gold | ||
| + | * Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Lomatium'' ''vaseyi'' | ||
| + | * Codon: LOMUTR | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | [[File:LOMUTR1.jpg |thumb|Photo by Ben Legler, 2003, also featured on Main Page]] | ||
===Taxonomy=== | ===Taxonomy=== | ||
| − | + | {{Taxobox | |
| − | + | | image = | |
| − | + | | image_caption = Photo by Ben Legler, 2003, also featured on Main Page | |
| − | + | | name = | |
| − | + | | regnum = [[Plant]]ae | |
| − | + | | subregnum = Viridiplantae | |
| − | + | | phylum = Tracheophyta | |
| − | + | | subphylum= Spermatophytina | |
| − | + | | classis = Magnoliopsida | |
| − | + | | subclassis = Asteranae | |
| + | | ordo = Apiales | ||
| + | | familia = Apiaceae | ||
| + | | genus = ''Lomatium'' Raf. | ||
| + | | species = ''''' Lomatium utriculatum''''' (Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray) J.M. Coult & Rose | ||
| + | | subspecies = | ||
| + | | synonyms = *''Lomatium vaseyi'' (J.M. Coult. & Rose) J.M. Coult. & Rose | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | <ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=29756</ref> | ||
| − | === | + | ===Plant Description=== |
| + | '''For the ''Lomatium'' genus, mature fruit shape, aspect ratio, and pedicel length are diagnostic.'''<ref name=":1" /> | ||
| − | + | Native perennial taprooted herb, up to 6 dm tall.<ref name=":0">Bowcutt, F., & Hamman, Sarah. (2016). ''Vascular plants'' | |
| + | of the South Sound prairies'' (First ed.). Olympia, Washington: The Evergreen'' | ||
| + | State College Press.</ref> | ||
| − | == | + | Leaves are lacy, pinnately to ternately-pinnately dissected, with inflated leaf sheaths, strongly caulescent.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, |
| + | B. et al. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual''. | ||
| + | Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref> | ||
| − | + | Flowers arranged in compact compound umbels<ref name=":0" />, corolla yellow, pedicels 2-5 m. Involucre lacking, at base of compound umbel, but involucel, at base of each umbellet, present, slightly to strongly toothed.<ref name=":1" /> | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | Fruit dorsally ribbed,<ref name=":1" /> oil tubes 1-4 per rib interval.<ref>Lincoln Constance & Margriet Wetherwax 2017, ''Lomatium utriculatum'', in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) ''Jepson eFlora'', Revision 5, /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=31473, accessed on June 08, 2020.</ref> | |
| − | + | ||
| − | <ref name=" | + | |
===Bloom Period=== | ===Bloom Period=== | ||
| − | April-June <ref name="Burke"> | + | April-June. <ref name="Burke">WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, |
| + | & University of Washington. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Lomatium%20utriculatum</nowiki> </ref> | ||
===Distribution=== | ===Distribution=== | ||
| − | West | + | West Cascades, southern BC southward to southern California.<ref name=":1" /> |
===Habitat=== | ===Habitat=== | ||
| − | Low elevations | + | Low elevations, in open, rocky meadows and slopes, often growing with grasses.<ref name=":0" /> |
| + | ===Uses=== | ||
| + | Atseguwi use of leaves as food. | ||
| − | + | Kawaiisu use of leaves and flowers, fried in fat, as food, and a decoction as a wash for broken limbs. | |
| − | + | Salish use of roots, chewed or soaked in water, for headache or stomach issues.<ref>Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from <nowiki>http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Lomatium+utriculatum</nowiki></ref> | |
===Propagation=== | ===Propagation=== | ||
| − | + | Seeds are most easily sown as soon as they are ripe in a cold frame as stored, as seed can be rather slow to germinate. | |
| − | + | When sown in the spring it usually takes at least 12 months to germinate, although this time most might be reduced by cold stratification. | |
| − | + | ||
| − | ''' | + | Fresh seed can be sown immediately in site. Division may be possible in spring or autumn.<ref>''Lomatium utriculatum - (Nutt.)Coult.&Rose.'' Lomatium utriculatum Common Lomatium PFAF Plant Database. <nowiki>https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Lomatium+utriculatum</nowiki>.</ref> |
| + | ===Seed=== | ||
'''Seed sample from:''' 2011 | '''Seed sample from:''' 2011 | ||
| Line 63: | Line 82: | ||
'''Color:''' Inner seed face is dark reddish brown, with off-white wings. Hilum is tan. | '''Color:''' Inner seed face is dark reddish brown, with off-white wings. Hilum is tan. | ||
| − | '''Surface:''' Three off-white ridges run longitudinally across dark seed face. On opposite seed face, one off-white ridge bisects dark seed face from hilum to opposite apex. In most seeds, two shorter | + | '''Surface:''' Three off-white ridges run longitudinally across dark seed face. On opposite seed face, one off-white ridge bisects dark seed face from hilum to opposite apex. In most seeds, two shorter and lest distinct white markings run parallel to the main white ridge. Seed smooth and somewhat iridescent. |
'''Latitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical [[File:Luzula lat.png]] | '''Latitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical [[File:Luzula lat.png]] | ||
'''Longitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical [[File:Luzula long.png]] | '''Longitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical [[File:Luzula long.png]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Photo Gallery === | ||
| + | <gallery> | ||
| + | File:LOMUTR2.jpg| Photo by Rod Gilbert, 2007 | ||
| + | File:LOMUTR3.jpg| Fruit, photo by Ben Legler, 2004 | ||
| + | File:LOUT BeccaReilly sdl good.JPG| Seedling, courtesy CNLM | ||
| + | File:LOMUTR4.jpg| Young leaf, courtesy CNLM | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
===References=== | ===References=== | ||
| − | + | <references /> | |
| − | < | + | |
Latest revision as of 21:34, 20 March 2021
- Latin Name: Lomatium utriculatum
- Family: Apiaceae
- Common Names: common biscuit-root, bladder desert-parsley, spring-gold
- Synonyms/Misapplications: Lomatium vaseyi
- Codon: LOMUTR
Contents
Taxonomy
| Scientific classification | |
|---|---|
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Subkingdom: | Viridiplantae |
| Phylum: | Tracheophyta |
| Subphylum: | Spermatophytina |
| Class: | Magnoliopsida |
| Subclass: | Asteranae |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Genus: | Lomatium Raf. |
| Species: | Lomatium utriculatum (Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray) J.M. Coult & Rose |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Plant Description
For the Lomatium genus, mature fruit shape, aspect ratio, and pedicel length are diagnostic.[2]
Native perennial taprooted herb, up to 6 dm tall.[3]
Leaves are lacy, pinnately to ternately-pinnately dissected, with inflated leaf sheaths, strongly caulescent.[3][2]
Flowers arranged in compact compound umbels[3], corolla yellow, pedicels 2-5 m. Involucre lacking, at base of compound umbel, but involucel, at base of each umbellet, present, slightly to strongly toothed.[2]
Fruit dorsally ribbed,[2] oil tubes 1-4 per rib interval.[4]
Bloom Period
April-June. [5]
Distribution
West Cascades, southern BC southward to southern California.[2]
Habitat
Low elevations, in open, rocky meadows and slopes, often growing with grasses.[3]
Uses
Atseguwi use of leaves as food.
Kawaiisu use of leaves and flowers, fried in fat, as food, and a decoction as a wash for broken limbs.
Salish use of roots, chewed or soaked in water, for headache or stomach issues.[6]
Propagation
Seeds are most easily sown as soon as they are ripe in a cold frame as stored, as seed can be rather slow to germinate.
When sown in the spring it usually takes at least 12 months to germinate, although this time most might be reduced by cold stratification.
Fresh seed can be sown immediately in site. Division may be possible in spring or autumn.[7]
Seed
Seed sample from: 2011
Average Measurement: 5.7 x 3.2 x 0.5
Measurement Range: L: 5.25 – 6.5, W: 2.5 – 4, D: 0.25 – 0.6
Features
Shape: Seeds schizoid, very flat and winged. Hilum and opposite apex are narrower than middle of seed.
Color: Inner seed face is dark reddish brown, with off-white wings. Hilum is tan.
Surface: Three off-white ridges run longitudinally across dark seed face. On opposite seed face, one off-white ridge bisects dark seed face from hilum to opposite apex. In most seeds, two shorter and lest distinct white markings run parallel to the main white ridge. Seed smooth and somewhat iridescent.
Latitudinal Cross Section: elliptical 
Longitudinal Cross Section: elliptical 
Photo Gallery
Photo by Rod Gilbert, 2007
Fruit, photo by Ben Legler, 2004
Seedling, courtesy CNLM
Young leaf, courtesy CNLM
References
- ↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=29756
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Bowcutt, F., & Hamman, Sarah. (2016). Vascular plants of the South Sound prairies (First ed.). Olympia, Washington: The Evergreen State College Press.
- ↑ Lincoln Constance & Margriet Wetherwax 2017, Lomatium utriculatum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 5, /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=31473, accessed on June 08, 2020.
- ↑ WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Lomatium%20utriculatum
- ↑ Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Lomatium+utriculatum
- ↑ Lomatium utriculatum - (Nutt.)Coult.&Rose. Lomatium utriculatum Common Lomatium PFAF Plant Database. https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Lomatium+utriculatum.
