Difference between revisions of "Aphyllon purpureum"

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'''Common name:''' Naked broomrape, one flowered broomrape, or cancer root
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* Scientific Name: ''Aphyllon purpureum''
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[[File:Imagelarge-1.jpeg|thumb|right|300px|''Orobanche uniflora'' </br> Photo Credit: Rob Gilbert]]
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* Family: Orobanchaceae
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'''Abbreviation Code (Codon):''' ORUN
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* Common Names: purple broomrape
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* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Aphyllon'' ''uniflorum, Orobanche'' ''porphyrantha, Orobanche'' ''sedii, Orobanche'' ''uniflora, O. uniflora'' vars. ''minuta, O. purpurea,'' ''O. unifoflora'' subsp. ''occidentalis''
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* Codon: APHPUR
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----
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[[File:APHPUR2.jpg |thumb|Photo by Ray Izumi, 2010, also featured on Main Page.]]
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===Taxonomy===
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{{Taxobox
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| image =
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| image_caption = Photo by Ray Izumi, 2010, also featured on Main Page.
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| name =
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| subregnum = Viridiplantae
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| phylum = Tracheophyta
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| subphylum= Spermatophytina
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| subclassis = Asteranae
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| ordo = Lamiales
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| familia = Orobanchaceae
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| genus = ''Aphyllon''
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| species = '''''Aphyllon purpureum''''' (A. Heller) Holub (unaccepted)
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| synonyms = *''Orobanche purpurea'' Jacq.
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*''Orobanche uniflora'' L.
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*''Aphyllon uniflorum (L.) A. Gray
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}}
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<ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=34300</ref>
  
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'''Synonyms:'''
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===Description===
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*''Aphyllon uniflorum''
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Fleshy root parasites, 1-5 cm. stems, which are much shorter than pedicels, which are 3-10 cm. long. Plants glandular-hairy above.
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*''Orobanche uniflora var. typica''
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*''Orobanche uniflora var. terrae-novae''
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*''Orobanche uniflora var. sedii''
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*''Orobanche uniflora var. purpurea''
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*''Orobanche uniflora var. occidentalis''
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*''Orobanche terrae-novae''
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*''Orobanche sedii, Orobanche purpurea''
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*''Orobanche porphyrantha''
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*''Thalesia uniflora''
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*''Orobanche uniflora var. minuta''
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*''Orobanche uniflora ssp. occidentalis''
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*''Orobanche uniflora var. sedi''
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Leaves lacking, flowers without bractlets.
  
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<ref name= Calflora>http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Orobanche+uniflora </ref>
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Corolla pale to deep purple, occasionally ochroleucous or yellow, pedicels yellowish to dull reddish. Corolla lobes about 2 times as long as corolla tube.  
  
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Fruit is a 2-celled capsules.<ref name=":0">Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler,
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B. et al. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual''.
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Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref><ref name=":1">Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. ''E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia'' [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed: 2020-06-03 12:41:59 PM ]</ref>
  
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==Taxonomy==
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===Bloom Period===
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*Kingdom Plantae – Plants
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April to August<ref>WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum,
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*Subkingdom -Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
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& University of Washington. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Aphyllon%20purpureum</nowiki></ref>
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*Superdivision - Spermatophyta – Seed plants
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*Division - Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
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*Class - Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
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*Subclass - Asteridae
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*Order - Scrophulariales
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*Family - Orobanchaceae – Broom-rape family
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*Genus - Orobanche – broomrape
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*Species - O. uniflora
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<ref name= The PLANTS Database> ↑ USDA, NRCS. 2012. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 16 April 2012). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.</Ref>
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===Distribution===
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Southern BC and southern Alaska south, on both sides of Cascades, to California, East to Alberta and Rocky Mountain States.<ref name=":0" />
  
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==Description==
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===Habitat===
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Moist to dry meadows and forest openings in the lowland, steppe and montane zones.<ref name=":1" />
  
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General: Fleshy root parasites, the stems short, 1-5 cm. long, much shorter than the 1-3 pedicles, which are 3-10 cm. long; plants strongly glandular-villous.
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Mostly parasitic on the roots of herbaceous Asteraceae, Saxifragaceae and ''Sedum''.<ref name=":0" />
  
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Leaves: Leaves none; flowers without bractlets.
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===Uses===
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The whole plant is edible raw or cooked. Medicinally, ''A. purpureum'' is laxative and sedative.<ref>Eaton, J. S., & Tyler, R. W. (2011). ''Discovering wild plants: Alaska, Western Canada, the Northwest''. Motueka, N.Z.: Eaton.</ref>
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===Seed===
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[[File:Orobanche uniflora.jpg|thumb|300px|Aphyllon purpureum<br> Photo credit Lisa Hintz]]
  
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Flowers: Flowers 1-3 on elongate pedicles; calyx 4-12 mm. long, the 5 narrow, sub-equal lobes longer than the tube; corolla brownish-yellow to violet, 2-lipped, 15-35 mm. long, the 5 lobes finely fringed; anthers glabrous or hairy.
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Aphyllon purpureum
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Fruit: Capsule 2-celled
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-from cnlm pages
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==Bloom Period==
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April to August
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<ref name=Burke>http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php</ref>
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==Distribution==
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Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; ranging throughout much of North America.
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from cnlm pages
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==Habitat==
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Mostly in open, moist or dry places, from open woods, prairies, balds, and grasslands in the lowlands to moderate elevations in the mountains. ''Orobanche uniflora'' tolerates moist to dry soils, and is shade tolerant.
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==Uses==
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The whole plant is edible raw or cooked, and medicinally, ''Orobanche uniflora'' is laxative and sedative
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-From cnlm pages that cites pfaf.org
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==Propagation==
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===The Seeds===
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[[File:Orobanche uniflora.jpg|thumb|300px|''Orobanche uniflora'' </br> Photo credit Lisa Hintz]]
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Orobanche uniflora
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Seed sample from 2011
 
Seed sample from 2011
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{{Basics}}
 
{{Basics}}
  
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==Photo Gallery==
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===Photo Gallery===
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http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php
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<gallery>
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File:APHPUR3.jpg|Photo by Ray Izumi, 2010
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File:APHPUR4.jpg|Photo by Robert L. Carr
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</gallery>
  
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==References==
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===References===
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<References/>
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<references />

Latest revision as of 14:08, 24 June 2021

  • Scientific Name: Aphyllon purpureum
  • Family: Orobanchaceae
  • Common Names: purple broomrape
  • Synonyms/Misapplications: Aphyllon uniflorum, Orobanche porphyrantha, Orobanche sedii, Orobanche uniflora, O. uniflora vars. minuta, O. purpurea, O. unifoflora subsp. occidentalis
  • Codon: APHPUR
Photo by Ray Izumi, 2010, also featured on Main Page.

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Spermatophytina
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Asteranae
Order: Lamiales
Family: Orobanchaceae
Genus: Aphyllon
Species: Aphyllon purpureum (A. Heller) Holub (unaccepted)
Synonyms
  • Orobanche purpurea Jacq.
  • Orobanche uniflora L.
  • Aphyllon uniflorum (L.) A. Gray

[1]

Description

Fleshy root parasites, 1-5 cm. stems, which are much shorter than pedicels, which are 3-10 cm. long. Plants glandular-hairy above.

Leaves lacking, flowers without bractlets.

Corolla pale to deep purple, occasionally ochroleucous or yellow, pedicels yellowish to dull reddish. Corolla lobes about 2 times as long as corolla tube.

Fruit is a 2-celled capsules.[2][3]

Bloom Period

April to August[4]

Distribution

Southern BC and southern Alaska south, on both sides of Cascades, to California, East to Alberta and Rocky Mountain States.[2]

Habitat

Moist to dry meadows and forest openings in the lowland, steppe and montane zones.[3]

Mostly parasitic on the roots of herbaceous Asteraceae, Saxifragaceae and Sedum.[2]

Uses

The whole plant is edible raw or cooked. Medicinally, A. purpureum is laxative and sedative.[5]

Seed

Aphyllon purpureum
Photo credit Lisa Hintz

Aphyllon purpureum

Seed sample from 2011

Features

Average Measurement: 0.2 x 0.1 x 0.1

Measurement Range: L: 0.1 – 0.3, W: 0.1 – 0.2, D: 0.1 – 0.2

Latitudinal Cross Section: elliptical Lat cs.png

Longitudinal Cross Section: elliptical Long cs.png

Shape: Seed very small, slightly narrower at hilum and opposite apex. Seed generally egg shaped, some specimens more slender than others.

Color: Most seeds brown, some tan.

Surface: Seed coat deeply honeycombed, and somewhat iridescent.


Basic Explanations and Assumptions:

The dimensions for the seeds are length x width x depth. The location of the hilum is used as the base of the seed, and the length is measured from hilum to the opposite apex. Where a style is present, the length is measured from the hilum to the bottom of the style. Width is measured at a right angle to the length at the widest part. Depth is measured at a right angle to the intersection of height and width lines.

Measurements included are the mean average for each measurement of ten separate seeds.

All measurements in millimeters unless otherwise noted.

Photo Gallery

  • Photo by Ray Izumi, 2010

  • Photo by Robert L. Carr

References

  1. ↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=34300
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed: 2020-06-03 12:41:59 PM ]
  4. ↑ WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Aphyllon%20purpureum
  5. ↑ Eaton, J. S., & Tyler, R. W. (2011). Discovering wild plants: Alaska, Western Canada, the Northwest. Motueka, N.Z.: Eaton.
Retrieved from "http://wikis.evergreen.edu/pugetprairieplants/index.php?title=Aphyllon_purpureum&oldid=5150"

The Evergreen State College