Difference between revisions of "Cerastium arvense"

From Puget Prairie Plants
(→‎Propagation)
(→‎Propagation)
 
(14 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
'''Common name:''' Field chickweed
+
* Scientific Name: ''Cerastium'' ''arvense''
−
[[File:CEAR.jpg|thumb|right|250px]]
+
* Family: Caryophyllaceae
−
'''Abbreviation code:''' CEAR
+
* Common Names: starry cerastium, field chickweed, field mouse-ear chickweed
−
==Taxonomy==
+
* Codon: CERARV
−
*Kingdom: Plantae
+
----
−
*(unranked): Angiosperms
+
[[File:CERARV3.jpg |thumb|Photo by Ben Legler, 2004. Featured on Main Page]]
−
*(unranked): Eudicots
+
=== Taxonomy ===
−
*(unranked): Core eudicots
+
{{Taxobox
−
*Order: Caryophyllales
+
| name =
−
*Family: Caryophyllaceae
+
| image =
−
*Genus: Cerastium
+
| image_alt = ''Cerastium arvense''
−
*Species: C. arvense
+
| image_caption = Photo by Ben Legler, 2004. Featured on Main Page
 +
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 +
| subregnum = Viridiplantae
 +
| phylum = Tracheophyta
 +
| subphylum= Spermatophytina
 +
| classis = Magnoliopsida
 +
| subclassis = Caryophyllanae
 +
| ordo = Caryophyllales
 +
| familia = Caryophyllaceae
 +
| genus = ''Cerastium'' L.
 +
| species = '''''Cerastium arvense''''' L.
 +
| binomial =
 +
| binomial_authority =
 +
| synonyms =
 +
}}
 +
<ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=19947</ref>
  
−
==Description==
+
===Description===
−
General: Tufted perennial, often forming loose mats to 4 dm. broad, glabrous to glandular-pubescent, the flowering stems 5-50 cm. tall.
+
Tufted, often mat-forming perennial herb with opposite leaves and showy white flowers, to 50 cm tall.<ref name=":0">WTU
 +
Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Cerastium%20arvense</ref> Leaves narrow, 1-nerved, 1 to 3 cm long.<ref name=":1">Bowcutt, F., & Hamman, S. (2016). ''Vascular Plants of the South Sound Prairies''. p. 82.</ref> Inflorescences open cymose, bracteate, short-pubescent,<ref>Flora of North America. Retrieved
 +
from http://dev.floranorthamerica.org/Cerastium_arvense</ref> with 3 to 5 flowers.<ref name=":1" /> Flowers 5-merous, regular; sepals 5, distinct; petals 5, bilobed,<ref>Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D.,
 +
& Legler, B. et al. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an''
 +
illustrated manual''. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 341''</ref> stamens 10<ref name=":0" />; styles 5, ovary superior, becoming a cylindrical, membranous capsule.<ref name=":0" />
  
−
Leaves: Leaves opposite, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1-nerved, 1-3 cm. long; cauline leaves often with bundles of secondary leaves in their axils.
+
===Bloom Period===
 +
April - August<ref name=":0" />
  
−
Flowers: Flowers 3 to 5 or more in an open inflorescence; pedicels slender, erect, 1-3 cm. long; sepals 5, 4-6 mm. long, with stalked glands; petals 5, white, twice as long as the sepals, deeply bi-lobed-obcordate; stamens 10; styles 5.
+
===Distribution===
−
Fruit: Capsule membranous, cylindric, slightly curved, 1.5 times as long as the sepals, opening by 10 teeth.
+
Both sides of the Cascades and in the Blue Mountains in Washington. Widely distributed throughout North America.<ref name=":0" />
  
−
==Bloom Period==
+
===Habitat===
−
April - Aug
+
Coastal cliffs to inland valleys, rocky hillsides, subalpine meadows.<ref name=":0" />
  
−
==Distribution==
+
===Uses===
−
Both sides of the Cascades and in the Blue Mountains in Washington. Widely distributed throughout North America.
+
Pollinated by butterflies and moths.<ref>Washington Native Plant Society. Retrieved from https://www.wnps.org/component/rsdirectory/entry/view/85-cerastium-arvense&highlight=WyJjZXJhc3RpdW0iLCJhcnZlbnNlIiwiY2VyYXN0aXVtIGFydmVuc2UiXQ==</ref>
  
−
==Habitat==
+
The plant is astringent. First Nation use as a decoction  in the treatment of injuries and miscarriage.<ref>Native
−
Coastal cliffs to inland valleys, rocky hillsides, subalpine meadows.
+
American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Cerastium+arvense</ref>
  
−
Light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and requires well-drained soil
+
===Propagation===
−
medium
+
It is suggested that the seed be sown in spring in a cold frame. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out into their permanent positions in the summer. Division in spring. The prostate shoots root freely as they spread, making division very simple.<ref>Plants for a Future. Retrieved from https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Cerastium</ref>
  
−
Acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils.
+
===Seed===
−
 
+
[[File:CEAR.png|thumb|right|300px|''Cerastium arvense'' seeds <br> Photo Credit Lisa Hintz]]
−
Dry or moist soil – drought intolerant
+
−
 
+
−
Sun – shade intolerant
+
−
 
+
−
==Uses==
+
−
Used by flies and small bees
+
−
 
+
−
The plant is astringent. A decoction of the plant has been used in the treatment of injuries and miscarriage
+
−
 
+
−
==Propagation==
+
−
It is suggested that the seed be sown in spring in a cold frame. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out into their permanent positions in the summer. Division in spring. The prostate shoots root freely as they spread, making division very simple.
+
−
 
+
−
==Seed==
+
−
[[File:CEAR.png|thumb|right|300px|''Cerastium arvense'' seeds </br> Photo Credit Lisa Hintz]]
+
 
'''Seed sample from:''' 2011
 
'''Seed sample from:''' 2011
  
Line 69: Line 75:
  
  
−
==Photo Gallery==
+
===Photo Gallery===
−
==References==
+
<gallery>
 +
File:CERARV2.jpg|Photo: Ray Izumi, 2010
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
===References===
 +
<references />

Latest revision as of 11:45, 28 June 2021

  • Scientific Name: Cerastium arvense
  • Family: Caryophyllaceae
  • Common Names: starry cerastium, field chickweed, field mouse-ear chickweed
  • Codon: CERARV
Photo by Ben Legler, 2004. Featured on Main Page

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Spermatophytina
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Caryophyllanae
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Cerastium L.
Species: Cerastium arvense L.

[1]

Description

Tufted, often mat-forming perennial herb with opposite leaves and showy white flowers, to 50 cm tall.[2] Leaves narrow, 1-nerved, 1 to 3 cm long.[3] Inflorescences open cymose, bracteate, short-pubescent,[4] with 3 to 5 flowers.[3] Flowers 5-merous, regular; sepals 5, distinct; petals 5, bilobed,[5] stamens 10[2]; styles 5, ovary superior, becoming a cylindrical, membranous capsule.[2]

Bloom Period

April - August[2]

Distribution

Both sides of the Cascades and in the Blue Mountains in Washington. Widely distributed throughout North America.[2]

Habitat

Coastal cliffs to inland valleys, rocky hillsides, subalpine meadows.[2]

Uses

Pollinated by butterflies and moths.[6]

The plant is astringent. First Nation use as a decoction in the treatment of injuries and miscarriage.[7]

Propagation

It is suggested that the seed be sown in spring in a cold frame. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out into their permanent positions in the summer. Division in spring. The prostate shoots root freely as they spread, making division very simple.[8]

Seed

Cerastium arvense seeds
Photo Credit Lisa Hintz

Seed sample from: 2011

Average Measurement: 0.9 x 0.9 x 0.5

Measurement Range: L: 0.75 – 1, W: 0.8 – 1, D: 0.4 – 0.6


Shape: Seed somewhat kidney shaped, narrower at hilum and broadening at opposite apex. Hilum pinched.

Color: Rusty brown to orange brown. Hilum white.

Surface: Matte and covered with many small bumps, arranged in concentric half circles originating at the hilum and broadening at the opposite apex.

Latitudinal Cross Section: elliptical CEAR lat.png

Longitudinal Cross Section: obovate CEAR long.png

Basic Explanations and Assumptions:

The dimensions for the seeds are length x width x depth. The location of the hilum is used as the base of the seed, and the length is measured from hilum to the opposite apex. Where a style is present, the length is measured from the hilum to the bottom of the style. Width is measured at a right angle to the length at the widest part. Depth is measured at a right angle to the intersection of height and width lines.

Measurements included are the mean average for each measurement of ten separate seeds.

All measurements in millimeters unless otherwise noted.


Photo Gallery

  • Photo: Ray Izumi, 2010

References

  1. ↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=19947
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Cerastium%20arvense
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bowcutt, F., & Hamman, S. (2016). Vascular Plants of the South Sound Prairies. p. 82.
  4. ↑ Flora of North America. Retrieved from http://dev.floranorthamerica.org/Cerastium_arvense
  5. ↑ Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 341
  6. ↑ Washington Native Plant Society. Retrieved from https://www.wnps.org/component/rsdirectory/entry/view/85-cerastium-arvense&highlight=WyJjZXJhc3RpdW0iLCJhcnZlbnNlIiwiY2VyYXN0aXVtIGFydmVuc2UiXQ==
  7. ↑ Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Cerastium+arvense
  8. ↑ Plants for a Future. Retrieved from https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Cerastium
Retrieved from "http://wikis.evergreen.edu/pugetprairieplants/index.php?title=Cerastium_arvense&oldid=5174"

The Evergreen State College