Difference between revisions of "Viola nuttallii var. praemorsa"

Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae;
Subkingdom:	Viridiplantae;
Phylum:	Tracheophyta;
Subphylum:	Spermatophytina;
Class:	Magnoliopsida;
Subclass:	Rosanae;
Order:	Malpighiales;
Family:	Violaceae;
Genus:	Viola L.;
Species:	Viola nuttallii Pursh;
Subspecies:	Viola nuttalli var. praemorsa (Douglas ex Lindl.) S. Watson (not accepted);
Synonyms
	Viola praemorsa var. praemorsa Douglas ex Lindl. (accepted);

Latest revision as of 16:36, 30 June 2021

Scientific Name: Viola nuttallii var. praemosa
Family: Violaceae
Common Names: canary violet, upland yellow violet, yellow montane violet
Synonyms/Misapplications: V. praemorsa, V, praemosa vars. flavovirens, linguifolia
Codon: VIONUT

Photo Anita Goodrich, also featured on Main Page

Perennial, rhizomatous herb with axillary yellow flowers, to 30 cm tall.^[2] Stems several, erect, borne from underground caudices,^[2] hairy.^[3] Leaves mostly basal,^[3] not coarsely veined, crenate to serrate,^[4] hairy, fleshy, petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, to 10 cm, petioles to 15 cm long.^[5] Flowers 5-merous, solitary, axillary, zygomorphic; sepals 5, lanceolate;^[2] petals 5, lowermost larger and spurred, upper 4 in 2 pairs;^[4] lower 3 petals with brown-purple veins, lateral 2 bearded;^[2] stamens 5, connivent around pistil;^[4] pistil 3-carpellate with 1 style,^[4] bearded stigma^[5] and superior ovary with parietal placentation becoming a ellipsoid to oblong^[4] 3-valved capsule.^[5]

Bloom Period

April-July^[5]

Distribution

Both sides of the Cascades, into Northern California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Northern Utah.^[4]

Habitat

Grasslands, shrub-steppe, open forest.^[5]

Propagation

Native Plant Network Propagation Protocol

Photo Gallery

G.D. Carr 2008
G.D. Carr 2011
Rod Gilbert 2004
Rod Gilbert 2003

References

↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=847695#null
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Jepson Herbarium Online Flora. Retrieved from https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=53398
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia. Retrieved from https://linnet.geog.ubc.ca/Atlas/Atlas.aspx?sciname=Viola%20praemorsa&redblue=Both&lifeform=7
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 ^4.5 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola%20nuttallii%20var.%20praemorsa

[1] Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=847695#null

[:1-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Jepson Herbarium Online Flora. Retrieved from https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=53398

[:2-3] 3.0 ^3.1 E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia. Retrieved from https://linnet.geog.ubc.ca/Atlas/Atlas.aspx?sciname=Viola%20praemorsa&redblue=Both&lifeform=7

[:3-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 ^4.4 ^4.5 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

[:0-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola%20nuttallii%20var.%20praemorsa

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 ===Description===
-BurkeGeneral: Perennial from short, erect rhizomes, the stems up to 15 cm. long.
-Leaves: Leaf blades conspicuously hairy, thick and fleshy, entire, ovate-lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long; petiole 5-15 cm. long; stipules attached to the petiole, the free portion few-toothed.
-Flowers: Flowers with peduncles shorter than the leaves; flowers 8-15 mm. long, yellow, the upper petals brownish-backed, the lower 3 penciled with brownish-purple, the lateral pair bearded; style head bearded, rounded.
-Fruit: Fruit a hairy, 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal.<ref name=":0">WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington.
-Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola%20nuttallii%20var.%20praemorsa</ref>
-BCGeneral: Perennial herb from a fibrous root, without stolons; stems erect, sparsely to densely hairy, largely underground but the aerial stems 6-30 cm tall.
-Leaves: Basal leaves egg-shaped to lanceolate, entire or slightly wavy, sparsely to densely hairy, the blades 2-10 cm long, 1-3.5 cm wide, the stalks 3-15 cm long; stem leaves lacking or few, similar; stipules joined to the stem with the free end entire to toothed, sparsely to densely hairy.
-Flowers: Inflorescence of single, axillary flowers; petals 5, yellow, the lower petal 12-20 mm long including the 1- to 2-mm long spur, the lower 3 usually brown-penicilled and sometimes tinged with brown, the lateral pair bearded; sepals 5, lanceolate; style heads bearded.
-Fruits: Capsules, smooth to hairy, 6-11 mm long; seeds dark brown.
-'''Habit:''' Perennial herb 7.5--30 cm, glabrous to densely puberulent. '''Stem:''' prostrate to erect, generally several, clustered on 1--several subterranean caudices from woody rhizome. '''Leaf:''' simple; basal 1--5 per caudex, petiole 4.3--19.2 cm, blade 2.3--8.5 cm, 1.4--3.7 cm wide, elliptic or ovate, entire, wavy, or generally irregularly crenate to serrate, base tapered, often oblique to +- truncate, tip acute or obtuse; cauline blade 2.6--5.8 cm, 1.3--3.5 cm wide, like basal. '''Inflorescence:''' axillary; peduncle 2.7--26 cm. '''Flower:''' sepals lanceolate, ciliate or not; petals deep lemon-yellow, upper 2, sometimes lateral 2 maroon or +- brown abaxially, lower 3 veined brown-purple, lateral 2 bearded with cylindric hairs, lowest 12--20 mm. '''Fruit:''' 6--12 mm, elliptic to oblong, glabrous to minutely puberulent. '''Seed:''' 2--3 mm, medium to dark brown, +- 1/3 length covered by outgrowth.
 Perennial, rhizomatous herb with axillary yellow flowers, to 30 cm tall.<ref name=":1">Jepson Herbarium Online Flora. Retrieved from https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=53398</ref> Stems several, erect, borne from underground caudices,<ref name=":1" /> hairy.<ref name=":2">E-Flora
-BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia. Retrieved from https://linnet.geog.ubc.ca/Atlas/Atlas.aspx?sciname=Viola%20praemorsa&redblue=Both&lifeform=7</ref> Leaves mostly basal,<ref name=":2" /> not coarsely veined, crenate to serrate,<ref name=":3" /> hairy, fleshy, petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, to 10 cm, petioles to 15 cm long.<ref name=":0" /> Flowers 5-merous, solitary, axillary, zygomorphic; sepals 5, lanceolate;<ref name=":1" /> petals 5, lowermost larger and spurred, upper 4 in 2 pairs;<ref name=":3" /> lower 3 petals with brown-purple veins, lateral 2 bearded;<ref name=":1" /> stamens 5, connivent around pistil;<ref name=":3" /> pistil 3-carpellate with 1 style,<ref name=":3" /> bearded stigma<ref name=":0" /> and superior ovary with parietal placentation becoming a ellipsoid to oblong<ref name=":3" /> 3-valved capsule.<ref name=":0" />
+BC: Electronic Atlas of the Flora of British Columbia. Retrieved from https://linnet.geog.ubc.ca/Atlas/Atlas.aspx?sciname=Viola%20praemorsa&redblue=Both&lifeform=7</ref> Leaves mostly basal,<ref name=":2" /> not coarsely veined, crenate to serrate,<ref name=":3" /> hairy, fleshy, petiolate, ovate-lanceolate, to 10 cm, petioles to 15 cm long.<ref name=":0">WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington.
+Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola%20nuttallii%20var.%20praemorsa</ref> Flowers 5-merous, solitary, axillary, zygomorphic; sepals 5, lanceolate;<ref name=":1" /> petals 5, lowermost larger and spurred, upper 4 in 2 pairs;<ref name=":3" /> lower 3 petals with brown-purple veins, lateral 2 bearded;<ref name=":1" /> stamens 5, connivent around pistil;<ref name=":3" /> pistil 3-carpellate with 1 style,<ref name=":3" /> bearded stigma<ref name=":0" /> and superior ovary with parietal placentation becoming a ellipsoid to oblong<ref name=":3" /> 3-valved capsule.<ref name=":0" />
 ===Bloom Period===
-April-July
+April-July<ref name=":0" />
 ===Distribution===
 Both sides of the Cascades, into Northern California, east to Montana, Wyoming and Northern Utah.<ref name=":3">Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler,
@@ Line 56: / Line 39: @@
 Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref>
 ===Habitat===
-Grasslands, shrub-steppe, open forest.
+Grasslands, shrub-steppe, open forest.<ref name=":0" />
-Moisture Regime-Moist
-Shade Tolerance-Intolerant
+=== Propagation ===
+[https://rngr.net/npn/propagation/protocols/violaceae-viola-4085/?searchterm=Viola%20praemorsa Native Plant Network Propagation Protocol]
-===Photo Gallery<ref name=":0" />===
+===Photo Gallery===
 <gallery>
 File: Viola nuttallii facing 1.jpg | G.D. Carr 2008

Difference between revisions of "Viola nuttallii var. praemorsa"

Latest revision as of 16:36, 30 June 2021

Contents

Taxonomy

Description