Difference between revisions of "Perideridia montana"

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'''Common name:''' Gairdner's yampah, common yampah, or Gardner's yampah
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* Scientific Name: ''Perideridia'' ''montana''
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[[File:Pega.jpeg|thumb|right|300px| ''Perideridia gairdneri'' <br/> Photo Credit Robert Gilbert]]
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* Family: Apiaceae
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* Common Names: mountain yampah, Gaidner's yampah
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* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Perideridia'' ''gairdneri'' (misapplied, Mathias, in previous Flora)'', Atenia'' ''montana, Carum'' ''garrettii, Carum'' ''montanum,'' ''P. g.'' subsp. ''bolanderi''
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* Codon: PERMON
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----
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[[File:PERMON2.jpg |thumb|Photo by Ron Bockelman, 2011, also featured on Main Page]]
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===Taxonomy===
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{{Taxobox
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| image =
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| image_caption =Photo by Ron Bockelman, 2011, Featured on Main Page
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| name =
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| subregnum = Viridiplantae
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| phylum = Tracheophyta
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| subphylum= Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| subclassis = Asteranae
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| ordo = Apiales
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| familia = Apiaceae
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| genus = ''Perideridia'' Richb.
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| species = '''''Perideridia gairdneri''''' (Hook. & Arn.)
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| subspecies = '''''Perideridia gairdneri'' ssp. '''borealis''''' T.I. Chuang & Constance
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| synonyms= *''Atenia montana'' (Blank.) Rydb.
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*''Carum montanum'' Blank.
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*''Perideridia montana'' (Blank.) Dorn
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}}
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<ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=29806</ref>
  
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'''Abbreviation Code (Codon):''' PEGA
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===Description===
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==Taxonomy==
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'''Mature fruits needed for accurate identification.'''
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*Kingdom - Plantae
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*Subkingdom - Tracheobionta
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*Superdivision - Spermatophyta
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*Division - Magnoliophyta
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*Class -Magnoliopsida
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*Subclass - Rosidae
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*Order - Apiales
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*Family - Apiaceae
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*Genus - Perideridia
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*Species - P. gairdneri
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<ref name=The PLANTS Database>USDA, NRCS. 2012. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 16 April 2012). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.</ref>
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Glabrous perennial herbs from thickened tuberous edible roots. <ref name=":0" />
  
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Leaves merely once or twice pinnate or ternate, the terminal segments long and narrow.<ref name=":1">Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. ''E-Flora BC: ''
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                    Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia'' [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed:''
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                    2020-06-03 12:05:29 AM
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]</ref>
  
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==Description==
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Inflorescence compound, spokes up to 6 mm at maturity, involucel bracts mostly setaceous, or absent. Flowers generally 5-7 veined Rays generally 11-16.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref>Lincoln Constance & Margriet Wetherwax 2012, ''Perideridia gairdneri subsp. borealis'', in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) ''Jepson eFlora'', /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=52099, accessed on  June 02, 2020.</ref>
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'''General:''' Slender, glabrous perennial from a tuberous-thickened, edible, usually solitary root, the solitary stem 4-12 dm. tall. </br>
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'''Leaves:''' Leaves several, well distributed along the stem, the blade once pinnate or ternate; the ultimate segments elongate and narrow. </br>
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'''Flowers:''' Inflorescence of terminal and 1-several lateral compound umbels, the umbels 2.5-7 cm. wide; rays up to 6 cm. long at maturity; involucre of a few, narrow bracts; involucre of bristly bracelets, or wanting; calyx teeth well developed; flowers white. </br>
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'''Fruit:''' Fruit glabrous, sub-orbicular, 2-3 mm. long and wide, with prominent ribs.
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-cnlm pages
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Fruit glabrous, sub-orbicular, 2-3 mm. long and wide, with prominent ribs. <ref name=":2" />
  
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==Bloom Period==
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===Bloom Period===
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July to August
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July to August<ref name=":2">WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum,
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& University of Washington. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Perideridia%20montana</nowiki></ref>
  
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<ref name=Burke>Source: http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php</ref>
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===Distribution===
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Southern BC south, on both sides of Cascades, to southern California, east to northern Great Plains, Wyoming and Colorado.<ref name=":0">Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler,
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B. et al. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual''.
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Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref>
  
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==Distribution==
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===Habitat===
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Occurs from southern B.C. to southern California and east to Saskatchewan, South Dakota and Colorado
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-cnlm pages
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==Habitat==
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Perideridia gairdneri prefers well-drained, nitrogen medium soils. It tolerates slightly acid to mildly alkaline soils. It is very shade intolerant. It is a climax species in drier sites, and is found in the meadow communities in Garry oak ecosystems.
 
Perideridia gairdneri prefers well-drained, nitrogen medium soils. It tolerates slightly acid to mildly alkaline soils. It is very shade intolerant. It is a climax species in drier sites, and is found in the meadow communities in Garry oak ecosystems.
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Grows from low to middle elevations.  
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Grows from low to middle elevations.<ref name=":1" />
  
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CNLM pages
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===Uses===
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Important food plant in many places.
  
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==Uses==
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Newe use as a food, pit-roasted.
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Roots either eaten boiled or dried and pounded to make a flour with an anise seed-like taste
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<ref name=Pojar> Pojar, MacKinnon 1994</ref>
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Pomo staple food, roots and greens.
  
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Blackfoot Drug (Antidiarrheal) - Infusion of roots taken to counteract cathartic and emetic effects of another infusion.
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Syilx food, eaten raw, boiled or cooked, sliced, dried and mixed with dried, powdered deer meat.<ref>Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from <nowiki>http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Perideridia&page=1</nowiki></ref>
  
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Blackfoot Drug (Antiemetic) - Infusion of roots taken to counteract cathartic and emetic effects of another infusion.
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===Propagation===
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===Seed===
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[[File:Pega seed.png|thumb|300px|''Perideridia montana''<br> Photo Credit Lisa Hintz]]
  
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Blackfoot Drug (Breast Treatment) - Infusion of roots used to massage sore breasts with warm stones
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Seed sample from 2011  
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Blackfoot Drug (Cough Medicine) - Infusion of roots or roots chewed for coughs.
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Blackfoot Drug (Cough Medicine)  - Root smudge smoke inhaled for nagging coughs.
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Blackfoot Drug (Dermatological Aid) - Infusion of roots applied to sores and wounds.
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cnlm pages
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==Propagation==
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Hand collect seeds in August when seeds have turned brown and are easily stripped off inflorescence into paper bags.
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Store seeds in sealed containers at 5º C.  Seed will retain viability for up to five years. Sow seeds in fall and allow natural stratification, or sow stored seeds in the spring after six to eight weeks of cold, moist stratification.
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===The Seed===
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[[File:Pega seed.png|thumb|right|300px|''Perideridia gairdneri'' </br> Photo Credit Lisa Hintz]]
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Peridendia gairdneri
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PEGA
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Seed sample from 2011
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====Features====
 
====Features====
Line 93: Line 89:
 
{{Basics}}
 
{{Basics}}
  
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==Photo Gallery==
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===Photo Gallery===
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
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Image:PEGA CNLMvol flw 2007.JPG
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File:PERMON1.jpg| Photo by Ron Bockelman
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File:PERMON4.jpg|seeds, photo by Roger T. George, 2016
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File:PERMON5.jpg|Inflorescence in fruit, photo by Roger T. George, 2016
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File:PERMON6.jpg|Understory with ''P. montana'', photo by Roger T. George, 2016
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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===References===
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==References==
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<references />
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<References/>
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Latest revision as of 22:20, 20 March 2021

  • Scientific Name: Perideridia montana
  • Family: Apiaceae
  • Common Names: mountain yampah, Gaidner's yampah
  • Synonyms/Misapplications: Perideridia gairdneri (misapplied, Mathias, in previous Flora), Atenia montana, Carum garrettii, Carum montanum, P. g. subsp. bolanderi
  • Codon: PERMON
Photo by Ron Bockelman, 2011, also featured on Main Page

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Asteranae
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Perideridia Richb.
Species: Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.)
Subspecies: Perideridia gairdneri ssp. 'borealis T.I. Chuang & Constance
Synonyms
  • Atenia montana (Blank.) Rydb.
  • Carum montanum Blank.
  • Perideridia montana (Blank.) Dorn

[1]

Description

Mature fruits needed for accurate identification.

Glabrous perennial herbs from thickened tuberous edible roots. [2]

Leaves merely once or twice pinnate or ternate, the terminal segments long and narrow.[3]

Inflorescence compound, spokes up to 6 mm at maturity, involucel bracts mostly setaceous, or absent. Flowers generally 5-7 veined Rays generally 11-16.[3][2][4]

Fruit glabrous, sub-orbicular, 2-3 mm. long and wide, with prominent ribs. [5]

Bloom Period

July to August[5]

Distribution

Southern BC south, on both sides of Cascades, to southern California, east to northern Great Plains, Wyoming and Colorado.[2]

Habitat

Perideridia gairdneri prefers well-drained, nitrogen medium soils. It tolerates slightly acid to mildly alkaline soils. It is very shade intolerant. It is a climax species in drier sites, and is found in the meadow communities in Garry oak ecosystems. Grows from low to middle elevations.[3]

Uses

Important food plant in many places.

Newe use as a food, pit-roasted.

Pomo staple food, roots and greens.

Syilx food, eaten raw, boiled or cooked, sliced, dried and mixed with dried, powdered deer meat.[6]

Propagation

Seed

Perideridia montana
Photo Credit Lisa Hintz

Seed sample from 2011

Features

Average Measurement: 2.3 x 1 x 1

Measurement Range: L: 1.5 – 3, W: 0.8 – 1.1, D: 0.75 – 1.3

Latitudinal Cross Section: ovate

Longitudinal Cross Section: elliptical

Shape: Seed schizoid, flat on one plane, and rounded on the opposite plane. Lots of irregularity in shape.

Color: Various shades of green and brown. Hilum usually white. Some seeds have pink from remnant flower structure at apex opposite hilum.

Surface: Seeds have five ridges on outer seed face that run from hilum to opposite apex longitudinally. Inner seed face has one white rib that bisects the seed face.

Basic Explanations and Assumptions:

The dimensions for the seeds are length x width x depth. The location of the hilum is used as the base of the seed, and the length is measured from hilum to the opposite apex. Where a style is present, the length is measured from the hilum to the bottom of the style. Width is measured at a right angle to the length at the widest part. Depth is measured at a right angle to the intersection of height and width lines.

Measurements included are the mean average for each measurement of ten separate seeds.

All measurements in millimeters unless otherwise noted.

Photo Gallery

  • Photo by Ron Bockelman

  • seeds, photo by Roger T. George, 2016

  • Inflorescence in fruit, photo by Roger T. George, 2016

  • Understory with P. montana, photo by Roger T. George, 2016

References

  1. ↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=29806
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed: 2020-06-03 12:05:29 AM ]
  4. ↑ Lincoln Constance & Margriet Wetherwax 2012, Perideridia gairdneri subsp. borealis, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, /eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=52099, accessed on June 02, 2020.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Perideridia%20montana
  6. ↑ Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=Perideridia&page=1
Retrieved from "http://wikis.evergreen.edu/pugetprairieplants/index.php?title=Perideridia_montana&oldid=5065"

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