Difference between revisions of "Navarretia squarrosa"

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First overview block: ''Navarretia squarrosa, skunkbush, or skunkweed is a flowering plant in the polemoniaceae family. 
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* Scientific Name: ''Navarretia'' ''squarrosa''
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Synonyms: Gilia squarrosa, Navarretia eastwoodiae, Navarretia squarrosa var. agrestis
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* Family: Polemoniaceae
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* Common Names: skunkweed  
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* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Gilia'' ''squarrosa''
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* Codon: NAVSQU
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[[File:NASQ whole.jpg|200px|thumb|''Navarretia squarrosa'' <br> Photo by Gerry D. Carr, also featured on Main Page.]]
  
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Source: http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=5807
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===Taxonomy===
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{{Taxobox
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| image =
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| image_caption =
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| name =
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| subregnum = Viridiplantae
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| phylum = Tracheophyta
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| subphylum= Spermatophytina
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| subclassis = Asteranae
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| ordo = Ericales
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| familia = Polemoniaceae
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| genus = ''Navarretia'' Ruiz & Pav.
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| species = ''''' Navarretia squarrosa''''' (Eschsch.) Hook. & Arn.
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| synonyms = *''Gilia squarrosa'' (Eschsch.) Hook. & Arn.
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}}
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<ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=31320#null</ref>
  
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==Taxonomy==
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===Description===
  
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*Kingdom - Plantae – Plants
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Annual tap-rooted herb, glandular-hairy and skunk-smelling. Erect, simple, sometimes moderately branched.
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*Subkingdom - Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
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*Superdivision - Spermatophyta – Seed plants
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*Division - Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
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*Class - Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
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*Subclass - Asteridae
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*Order - Solanales
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*Family - Polemoniaceae – Phlox family
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*Genus - ''Navarretia''
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*Species - ''N. squarrosa''
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==Description==
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Leaves 1-2 times pinnate, spiky and stiff, the terminal segment not much longer than the other lobes, like in some other ''Navarretia'' species.
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''N. squarrosa'' is a prickly, taprooted, hairy annual with a distinctly skunky smell.  Plant is simple or branched, with erect stems, and up to 40 cm tall. Leaves are alternate, firm, and spiny, up to 6 cm long, and pinnately lobed. The flowers are pale to deep blue, with half united sepals that form a short tube with wax-papery intervals between the sharp wointed lobes that are 8 -14 mm long. The flower has 5 fused petals that form a 9-12 mm tube that spreads into lobes. The flowers form large, dense heads with leafy bracts. Fruits are three chambered, elliptical capsules containing 6 - 9 seeds per chamber.  
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Source: Pojar and Mackinnon Pg 235
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Sessile flowers in terminal densely bracteate heads. Corollas pale to deep blue, 5-lobed. Stamens attached to corolla, inserted. Braces within inflorescences have bases with thin, membranous margins.
  
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==Bloom Period==
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Fruits are 3-locular capsules, each with usually 8 or more, sometimes as few as 6, seeds within, which is unique in area in this genus. Seeds become sticky when moistened.<ref>Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. ''E-Flora BC: Electronic''
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Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia'' [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced''
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Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia,
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Vancouver. [Accessed:2020-05-09]</ref><ref name=":1">Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler,
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B. et al. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual''.
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Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref>
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===Bloom Period===
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June - September<ref name=":0">WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum,
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& University of Washington. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Navarretia%20squarrosa</nowiki></ref>
  
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==Distribution== West of the Cascades, from southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to California.
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===Distribution===
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Source: http://biology.burkemuseum.org/herbarium/imagecollection.php
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West of the Cascades, from southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to California.<ref name=":0" />
  
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==Habitat==
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===Habitat===
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Open places, dry to moist meadows, usually at low elevations.
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Open, wet places at low elevation.<ref name=":1" />
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===Uses===
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Source: Pojar 235
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According to M. Sweet, ''Navarretia squarrosa'' has an edible seed when it is parched, ground into a powder and eaten dry.<ref>Sweet, M. (1998). ''Common edible & useful plants of the West''. Naturegraph Publishers.</ref>
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==Uses==
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==Propagation==
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==Photo Gallery==
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==References==
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===seed===
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'''Abbrevition:''' NASQ
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===Seed===
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[[File:NASQ seed.png|thumb|right|300px|''Navarretia squarrosa'' <br> Photo Credit Lisa Hintz]]
 
'''Seed sample from:''' 2011
 
'''Seed sample from:''' 2011
  
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'''Longitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical  [[File:NASQ long.png]]
 
'''Longitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical  [[File:NASQ long.png]]
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{{Basics}}
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===Photo Gallery===
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<gallery>
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File:NASQ seed.png|Seeds, photo by Lisa Hintz
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File:NAVSQU1.png|courtesy of CNLM
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File:NAVSQU2.jpg|Photo by G. D. Carr, 2006
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</gallery><gallery>
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</gallery>
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===References===
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<references />

Latest revision as of 22:12, 20 March 2021

  • Scientific Name: Navarretia squarrosa
  • Family: Polemoniaceae
  • Common Names: skunkweed
  • Synonyms/Misapplications: Gilia squarrosa
  • Codon: NAVSQU
Navarretia squarrosa
Photo by Gerry D. Carr, also featured on Main Page.

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Spermatophytina
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Asteranae
Order: Ericales
Family: Polemoniaceae
Genus: Navarretia Ruiz & Pav.
Species: Navarretia squarrosa (Eschsch.) Hook. & Arn.
Synonyms
  • Gilia squarrosa (Eschsch.) Hook. & Arn.

[1]

Description

Annual tap-rooted herb, glandular-hairy and skunk-smelling. Erect, simple, sometimes moderately branched.

Leaves 1-2 times pinnate, spiky and stiff, the terminal segment not much longer than the other lobes, like in some other Navarretia species.

Sessile flowers in terminal densely bracteate heads. Corollas pale to deep blue, 5-lobed. Stamens attached to corolla, inserted. Braces within inflorescences have bases with thin, membranous margins.

Fruits are 3-locular capsules, each with usually 8 or more, sometimes as few as 6, seeds within, which is unique in area in this genus. Seeds become sticky when moistened.[2][3]

Bloom Period

June - September[4]

Distribution

West of the Cascades, from southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, to California.[4]

Habitat

Open, wet places at low elevation.[3]

Uses

According to M. Sweet, Navarretia squarrosa has an edible seed when it is parched, ground into a powder and eaten dry.[5]

Seed

Navarretia squarrosa
Photo Credit Lisa Hintz

Seed sample from: 2011

Average Measurement: 0.9 x 0.6 x 0.5

Measurement Range: L: 0.75 – 1.1, W: 0.5 – 0.75, D: 0.4 – 0.5

Features

Shape: Seeds tapered to almost pointed at hilum ends. Body of seeds sometimes not completely filled out – some concave dents. Hilum is pinched looking in some.

Color: Seeds reddish brown, hilum usually slightly lighter in color, but not very conspicuous.

Surface: Seeds covered in wrinkly pitted pattern. About 30 – 40 medium sized pits visible on one seed face. Seeds slightly rough looking, and somewhat lustrous.

Latitudinal Cross Section: elliptical NASQ lat.png

Longitudinal Cross Section: elliptical NASQ long.png

Basic Explanations and Assumptions:

The dimensions for the seeds are length x width x depth. The location of the hilum is used as the base of the seed, and the length is measured from hilum to the opposite apex. Where a style is present, the length is measured from the hilum to the bottom of the style. Width is measured at a right angle to the length at the widest part. Depth is measured at a right angle to the intersection of height and width lines.

Measurements included are the mean average for each measurement of ten separate seeds.

All measurements in millimeters unless otherwise noted.

Photo Gallery

  • Seeds, photo by Lisa Hintz

  • courtesy of CNLM

  • Photo by G. D. Carr, 2006

References

  1. ↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=31320#null
  2. ↑ Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed:2020-05-09]
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Navarretia%20squarrosa
  5. ↑ Sweet, M. (1998). Common edible & useful plants of the West. Naturegraph Publishers.
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