Difference between revisions of "Aphyllon purpureum"

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[[File:Imagelarge-1.jpeg|thumb|right|300px|''Orobanche uniflora'' </br> Photo Credit: Rob Gilbert]]
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* Latin Name: ''Aphyllon pupureum''
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* Family: Orobanchaceae
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* Common Names: purple broomrape
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* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Aphyllon'' ''uniflorum, Orobanche'' ''porphyrantha, Orobanche'' ''sedii, Orobanche'' ''uniflora, O. uniflora'' vars. ''minuta, purpureum,'' ''O. unifoflora'' subsp. ''occidentalis''
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* Codon: APHPUR
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==Taxonomy==
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{{Taxobox
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| image = APHPUR2.jpg
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| image_caption = Photo by Ray Izumi, 2010, also featured on Main Page.
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| name = '''''Aphyllon purpureum'''''
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| subregnum = Tracheobionta
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| phylum = Spermatophyta
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| subphylum= Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| subclassis = Asteranae
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| ordo = Lamiales
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| familia = Orobanchaceae
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| genus = '''''Aphyllon'''''
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| species = '''''Aphyllon purpureum''''' (A. Heller) Holub
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}}
  
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==Description==
  
''Orobanche uniflora'' is a flowering plant in the Orobanchaceae family. Also called naked broomrape, one flowered broomrape, or cancer root, ''O. uniflora'' is a parasitic plant.  
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Fleshy root parasites, 1-5 cm. stems, which are much shorter than pedicels, which are 3-10 cm. long. Plants glandular-hairy above.
  
Synonyms:''Aphyllon uniflorum, Orobanche uniflora var. typica, Orobanche uniflora var. terrae-novae, Orobanche uniflora var. sedii, Orobanche uniflora var. purpurea, Orobanche uniflora var. occidentalis, Orobanche terrae-novae, Orobanche sedii, Orobanche purpurea, Orobanche porphyrantha, Thalesia uniflora, Orobanche uniflora var. minuta, Orobanche uniflora ssp. occidentalis, Orobanche uniflora var. sedi''
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Leaves lacking, flowers without bractlets.
  
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Corolla pale to deep purple, occasionally ochroleucous or yellow, pedicels yellowish to dull reddish. Corolla lobes about 2 times as long as corolla tube.
  
Source: http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Orobanche+uniflora
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Fruit is a 2-celled capsules.<ref name=":0">Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler,
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B. et al. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual''.
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Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref><ref name=":1">Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. ''E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia'' [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed: 2020-06-03 12:41:59 PM ]</ref>
  
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==Bloom Period==
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April to August<ref>WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum,
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& University of Washington. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Aphyllon%20purpureum</nowiki></ref>
  
==Taxonomy==
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==Distribution==
*Kingdom Plantae – Plants
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Southern BC and southern Alaska south, on both sides of Cascades, to California, East to Alberta and Rocky Mountain States.<ref name=":0" />
*Subkingdom -Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
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*Superdivision - Spermatophyta – Seed plants
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*Division - Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
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*Class - Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
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*Subclass - Asteridae
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*Order - Scrophulariales
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*Family - Orobanchaceae – Broom-rape family
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*Genus - Orobanche – broomrape
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*Species - O. uniflora
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==Description==
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==Habitat==
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Moist to dry meadows and forest openings in the lowland, steppe and montane zones.<ref name=":1" />
  
''O. uniflora'' is a short, annual, parasitic herb that is glandular hairy. It is somewhat fleshy. The stems of this plant are short (1 - 5 cm) compared to the pedicles, which are 3 - 10 cm long. The herb has no leaves or bracts. Flowers 1 - 3, on long pedicles. Calyx 5 -12 mm, with brown to purple corolla that measures 15 - 35 mm. Flower two lipped, with five finely fringed lobes.  
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Mostly parasitic on the roots of herbaceous Asteraceae, Saxifragaceae and ''Sedum''.<ref name=":0" />
  
http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php
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==Uses==
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The whole plant is edible raw or cooked. Medicinally, ''A. purpureum'' is laxative and sedative.<ref>Eaton, J. S., & Tyler, R. W. (2011). ''Discovering wild plants: Alaska, Western Canada, the Northwest''. Motueka, N.Z.: Eaton.</ref>
  
==Bloom Period==
 
April to August
 
http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php
 
  
==Distribution==
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==Propagation==
Present in every contiguous state in the United States, plus Alaska and much of Canada.
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Source: http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ORUN
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===The Seeds===
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[[File:Orobanche uniflora.jpg|thumb|300px|Aphyllon purpureum<br> Photo credit Lisa Hintz]]
  
==Habitat==
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Aphyllon purpureum
Moist open sites, or open woods. Low to middle elevations.
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==Uses==
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Seed sample from 2011
  
==Propagation==
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====Features====
  
==Photo Gallery==
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'''Average Measurement:''' 0.2 x 0.1 x 0.1
http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php
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==References==
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'''Measurement Range:''' L: 0.1 – 0.3, W: 0.1 – 0.2, D: 0.1 – 0.2
<References/>
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==The Seeds==
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'''Latitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical [[File:Lat cs.png]]
[[File:Orobanche uniflora.jpg|thumb|300px|''Orobanche uniflora'' Photo credit Lisa Hintz]]
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'''Longitudinal Cross Section:''' elliptical [[File:Long cs.png]]
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'''Shape:''' Seed very small, slightly narrower at hilum and opposite apex. Seed generally egg shaped, some specimens more slender than others.
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'''Color:''' Most seeds brown, some tan.
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'''Surface:''' Seed coat deeply honeycombed, and somewhat iridescent.
  
  
 
{{Basics}}
 
{{Basics}}
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery>
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File:APHPUR3.jpg|Photo by Ray Izumi, 2010
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File:APHPUR4.jpg|Photo by Robert L. Carr
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references />

Revision as of 18:04, 16 January 2021

  • Latin Name: Aphyllon pupureum
  • Family: Orobanchaceae
  • Common Names: purple broomrape
  • Synonyms/Misapplications: Aphyllon uniflorum, Orobanche porphyrantha, Orobanche sedii, Orobanche uniflora, O. uniflora vars. minuta, purpureum, O. unifoflora subsp. occidentalis
  • Codon: APHPUR

Taxonomy

Aphyllon purpureum
Photo by Ray Izumi, 2010, also featured on Main Page.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta
Phylum: Spermatophyta
Subphylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Asteranae
Order: Lamiales
Family: Orobanchaceae
Genus: Aphyllon
Species: Aphyllon purpureum (A. Heller) Holub

Description

Fleshy root parasites, 1-5 cm. stems, which are much shorter than pedicels, which are 3-10 cm. long. Plants glandular-hairy above.

Leaves lacking, flowers without bractlets.

Corolla pale to deep purple, occasionally ochroleucous or yellow, pedicels yellowish to dull reddish. Corolla lobes about 2 times as long as corolla tube.

Fruit is a 2-celled capsules.[1][2]

Bloom Period

April to August[3]

Distribution

Southern BC and southern Alaska south, on both sides of Cascades, to California, East to Alberta and Rocky Mountain States.[1]

Habitat

Moist to dry meadows and forest openings in the lowland, steppe and montane zones.[2]

Mostly parasitic on the roots of herbaceous Asteraceae, Saxifragaceae and Sedum.[1]

Uses

The whole plant is edible raw or cooked. Medicinally, A. purpureum is laxative and sedative.[4]


Propagation

The Seeds

Aphyllon purpureum
Photo credit Lisa Hintz

Aphyllon purpureum

Seed sample from 2011

Features

Average Measurement: 0.2 x 0.1 x 0.1

Measurement Range: L: 0.1 – 0.3, W: 0.1 – 0.2, D: 0.1 – 0.2

Latitudinal Cross Section: elliptical Lat cs.png

Longitudinal Cross Section: elliptical Long cs.png

Shape: Seed very small, slightly narrower at hilum and opposite apex. Seed generally egg shaped, some specimens more slender than others.

Color: Most seeds brown, some tan.

Surface: Seed coat deeply honeycombed, and somewhat iridescent.


Basic Explanations and Assumptions:

The dimensions for the seeds are length x width x depth. The location of the hilum is used as the base of the seed, and the length is measured from hilum to the opposite apex. Where a style is present, the length is measured from the hilum to the bottom of the style. Width is measured at a right angle to the length at the widest part. Depth is measured at a right angle to the intersection of height and width lines.

Measurements included are the mean average for each measurement of ten separate seeds.

All measurements in millimeters unless otherwise noted.

Photo Gallery

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Klinkenberg, Brian. (Editor) 2020. E-Flora BC: Electronic Atlas of the Plants of British Columbia [eflora.bc.ca]. Lab for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. [Accessed: 2020-06-03 12:41:59 PM ]
  3. WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Aphyllon%20purpureum
  4. Eaton, J. S., & Tyler, R. W. (2011). Discovering wild plants: Alaska, Western Canada, the Northwest. Motueka, N.Z.: Eaton.