Difference between revisions of "Arctostaphylos uva-ursi"

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* Latin Name: ''Arctostaphylos'' ''uva-ursi''
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* Scientific Name: ''Arctostaphylos'' ''uva-ursi''
 
* Family: Ericaceae
 
* Family: Ericaceae
 
* Common Names: red bearberry, kinnikinnik
 
* Common Names: red bearberry, kinnikinnik
 
* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Arbutus'' ''uva-ursi''
 
* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Arbutus'' ''uva-ursi''
 
* Codon: ARCUVA
 
* Codon: ARCUVA
 
+
----
== Taxonomy ==
+
[[File:ARCUVA1.jpg  |thumb|Photo by Bernard Kovalchik. Also featured on Main Page]]
 +
=== Taxonomy ===
 
{{Taxobox
 
{{Taxobox
| image =ARCUVA1.jpg
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| image =
 
| image_caption =Photo by Bernard Kovalchik. Also featured on Main Page  
 
| image_caption =Photo by Bernard Kovalchik. Also featured on Main Page  
| name = '''''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi'''''
+
| name =
 
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
| subregnum = Viridiplantae
 
| subregnum = Viridiplantae
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| familia = Ericaceae
 
| familia = Ericaceae
 
| genus = ''Arctostaphylos'' Adans.
 
| genus = ''Arctostaphylos'' Adans.
| species = ''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi'' (L.) Spreng
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| species = '''''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi''''' (L.) Spreng
 
| subspecies =
 
| subspecies =
 +
| synonyms = *''Arctostaphylos adenotricha'' (Fernald & J.F. Macbr.) A. Löve & D. Löve & Kapoor
 +
*''Uva-Ursi uva-ursi'' (L.) Britton
 
}}
 
}}
 
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<ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=23530</ref>
==Description==
+
===Description===
 
+
 
General: Shrub; stems trailing across ground, less than 2 dm tall.
 
General: Shrub; stems trailing across ground, less than 2 dm tall.
 
Leaves: Alternate, 1-3 cm long, dark green, leathery, rounded at tip.
 
Leaves: Alternate, 1-3 cm long, dark green, leathery, rounded at tip.
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Prostrate shrub with somewhat stoloniferous rooting stems sometimes forming mats several meters wide; bark reddish to brownish, peeling off; stems ascending at the tip, 5-15 cm tall, minutely hairy, sometimes glandular. Leaves: Alternate, evergreen, leathery, egg- to spoon-shaped, 1-3 cm long, 0.3-1.2 cm wide, rounded at tip, rarely pointed, narrowed basally; entire, glabrous to minutely hairy especially on the margins and midrib, dark green above, paler below; stalks 2-5 mm long. Flowers: several in few-flowered terminal clusters; flower stalks 2-5 mm long, straight or curved, borne in the axils of hairy bracts; corollas pinkish-white, urn-shaped, 4-6 mm long, five lobed; clayces 1-1.5 mm long. Berries, bright red, 5-10 mm wide.<ref>Douglas et al., 1999</ref>
 
Prostrate shrub with somewhat stoloniferous rooting stems sometimes forming mats several meters wide; bark reddish to brownish, peeling off; stems ascending at the tip, 5-15 cm tall, minutely hairy, sometimes glandular. Leaves: Alternate, evergreen, leathery, egg- to spoon-shaped, 1-3 cm long, 0.3-1.2 cm wide, rounded at tip, rarely pointed, narrowed basally; entire, glabrous to minutely hairy especially on the margins and midrib, dark green above, paler below; stalks 2-5 mm long. Flowers: several in few-flowered terminal clusters; flower stalks 2-5 mm long, straight or curved, borne in the axils of hairy bracts; corollas pinkish-white, urn-shaped, 4-6 mm long, five lobed; clayces 1-1.5 mm long. Berries, bright red, 5-10 mm wide.<ref>Douglas et al., 1999</ref>
  
==Bloom Period==
+
===Bloom Period===
 
April - June<ref name=":0">WTU
 
April - June<ref name=":0">WTU
 
Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Arctostaphylos%20uva-ursi</ref>
 
Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Arctostaphylos%20uva-ursi</ref>
==Distribution==
+
===Distribution===
 
Alaska south to California and New Mexico, east to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.<ref name=":0" />
 
Alaska south to California and New Mexico, east to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.<ref name=":0" />
==Habitat==
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===Habitat===
 
Ecological Setting-Coastal bluffs and prairies, rocky balds, dry subalpine meadows, and dry coniferous forest.
 
Ecological Setting-Coastal bluffs and prairies, rocky balds, dry subalpine meadows, and dry coniferous forest.
 
Soil Texture-Medium and coarse textured soils
 
Soil Texture-Medium and coarse textured soils
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Successional Status-Common in open canopy in young seral lodgepole pine forests.<ref>Klinka et al., 1989</ref>
 
Successional Status-Common in open canopy in young seral lodgepole pine forests.<ref>Klinka et al., 1989</ref>
  
==Uses==
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===Uses===
==Propagation==
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===Propagation===
  
  
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{{Basics}}
 
{{Basics}}
  
==Photo Gallery==
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===Photo Gallery===
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
File:ARCUVA2.jpg|Photo: Bernard Kovalchik
 
File:ARCUVA2.jpg|Photo: Bernard Kovalchik
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
==References==
+
===References===
 
<references />
 
<references />

Revision as of 22:48, 20 March 2021

  • Scientific Name: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
  • Family: Ericaceae
  • Common Names: red bearberry, kinnikinnik
  • Synonyms/Misapplications: Arbutus uva-ursi
  • Codon: ARCUVA

Photo by Bernard Kovalchik. Also featured on Main Page

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Spermatophytina
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Asteranae
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Arctostaphylos Adans.
Species: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng
Synonyms
  • Arctostaphylos adenotricha (Fernald & J.F. Macbr.) A. Löve & D. Löve & Kapoor
  • Uva-Ursi uva-ursi (L.) Britton

[1]

Description

General: Shrub; stems trailing across ground, less than 2 dm tall. Leaves: Alternate, 1-3 cm long, dark green, leathery, rounded at tip. Flowers: Light pink urn-shaped flowers in small clusters near tips of stems. Fruit: Bright red round berries 7-10 mm in diameter.

Prostrate shrub with somewhat stoloniferous rooting stems sometimes forming mats several meters wide; bark reddish to brownish, peeling off; stems ascending at the tip, 5-15 cm tall, minutely hairy, sometimes glandular. Leaves: Alternate, evergreen, leathery, egg- to spoon-shaped, 1-3 cm long, 0.3-1.2 cm wide, rounded at tip, rarely pointed, narrowed basally; entire, glabrous to minutely hairy especially on the margins and midrib, dark green above, paler below; stalks 2-5 mm long. Flowers: several in few-flowered terminal clusters; flower stalks 2-5 mm long, straight or curved, borne in the axils of hairy bracts; corollas pinkish-white, urn-shaped, 4-6 mm long, five lobed; clayces 1-1.5 mm long. Berries, bright red, 5-10 mm wide.[2]

Bloom Period

April - June[3]

Distribution

Alaska south to California and New Mexico, east to the Atlantic Coast; also in Eurasia.[3]

Habitat

Ecological Setting-Coastal bluffs and prairies, rocky balds, dry subalpine meadows, and dry coniferous forest. Soil Texture-Medium and coarse textured soils Nutrients-Nitrogen poor soils.[4] Soil Reaction / Salinity-5.5-8.0 pH – medium salinity Moisture Regime Low moisture use – high drought tolerance Shade Tolerance Intermediate shade tolerance Successional Status-Common in open canopy in young seral lodgepole pine forests.[5]

Uses

Propagation

Seed

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, photo by Lisa Hintz

Seed sample from: 2009

Average Measurement: 3.9 x 2.3 x 1.8

Measurement Range: L: 3.75 - 4, W: 2.1 - 2.5, D: 1.5 - 2.25

Features

Shape: Fruits segmented with seeds like an orange. Individual seeds are orange segment shaped.

Color: Seeds brown. Hilum is a small brown dot on the ridge where the two flat planes of the segment come together.

Surface: Seed mostly smooth. Rounded surface of seed is ridged. It has a slight sheen on the flat planes.

Latitudinal Cross Section: triangular ARUV lat.png

Longitudinal Cross Section: elliptical ARUV long.png


Basic Explanations and Assumptions:

The dimensions for the seeds are length x width x depth. The location of the hilum is used as the base of the seed, and the length is measured from hilum to the opposite apex. Where a style is present, the length is measured from the hilum to the bottom of the style. Width is measured at a right angle to the length at the widest part. Depth is measured at a right angle to the intersection of height and width lines.

Measurements included are the mean average for each measurement of ten separate seeds.

All measurements in millimeters unless otherwise noted.

Photo Gallery

References

  1. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=23530
  2. Douglas et al., 1999
  3. 3.0 3.1 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Arctostaphylos%20uva-ursi
  4. Klinka et al., 1989
  5. Klinka et al., 1989