Difference between revisions of "Cardamine nuttallii"

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* Scientific Name: ''Cardamine'' ''nuttallii''
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* Family: Brassicaceae
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* Common Names: beautiful bittercres, Nuttall's toothwort, slender toothwort
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* Synonyms/Misapplications: ''Cardamine'' ''pulcherrima, Cardamine'' ''quercetorum, Dentaria'' ''tenella''
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* Codon: CARNUT
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----
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[[File:1-1.png |thumb| Photo by Ben Legler, 2004. Also featured on Main Page]]
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=== Taxonomy ===
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{{Taxobox
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| name =
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| image =
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| image_alt = Cardamine nutallii
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| image_caption = Photo by Ben Legler, 2004. Also featured on Main Page
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| subregnum = Viridiplantae
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| phylum = Tracheophyta
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| subphylum= Spermatophytina
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| classis = Asterales
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| ordo = Asterales
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| familia = Brassicaceae
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| genus = ''Cardamine'' L.
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| species = '''''Cardamine nuttallii''''' Greene
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| binomial =
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| binomial_authority =
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| synonyms = *''Cardamine pulcherrima'' Greene
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*''Cardamine gemmata'' Greene
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*''Dentaria tenella'' Pursh
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*''Dentaria gemmata'' (Greene) Howell
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}}
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<ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=501196</ref>
  
First overview block: Cardamine nuttallii, Brassicaceae, Nuttall's toothwort, Slender toothwort
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===Description===
  
==Taxonomy==
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Perennial, rhizomatous herb with erect stems to 2 dm tall, glabrous to slightly haired.<ref name=":0" /> Basal leaves simple to 3-foliate,<ref name=":1">Flora of North America. Retrieved
==Description==
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from http://dev.floranorthamerica.org/Cardamine_nuttallii</ref> long-petiolate, round to cordate, scalloped.<ref name=":0" /> Cauline leaves 3-foliate, 1-3.<ref name=":1" /> Inflorescences racemose, ebractate.<ref name=":2" /> Flowers regular, 4-merous; sepals 4, outer pair basally saccate;<ref name=":0" /> petals 4, pink, spatulate;<ref>Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D.,
 
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& Legler, B. et al. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an
General: Glabrous to sparsely pubescent perennial from short, slender, fleshy rhizomes, the stems erect, 1-2 dm. tall.
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illustrated manual''. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 293.</ref> stamens 6, tetradynamous;<ref name=":0" /> ovary superior, becoming linear siliques to 5 cm x 1.5 mm.<ref name=":0" />
Leaves: Basal leaves long-petiolate, the blades orbicular to cordate, usually simple and scalloped, if deeply lobed the lobes entire; cauline leaves 1-3, grouped above mid-length on the stem, usually with 3-5 lanceolate, entire leaflets 1-4 cm. long.
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Flowers: Inflorescence of bractless, few-flowered racemes; pedicles ascending to erect, 1-2 cm. long; sepals 4, 3-5 mm. long, purplish, the outer pair saccate at the base; petals 4, pink to reddish or purplish, 9-14 mm. long; stamens 6; style slender, 3-6 mm. long.
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Fruit: Siliques linear, 1.5-5 cm. long and 1.5 mm. broad; seeds in 1 series.
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==Bloom Period==
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==Distribution==
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Washington to California, chiefly west of the Cascades.
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==Habitat==
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Ecological Setting-Dry ground, low to moderate elevations.
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==Uses==
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==Propagation==
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{| border="1"
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|-
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| FloweringTime
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| March -May
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|-
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| Crop Intervals
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| Perennial
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|}
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===Bloom Period===
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March-May<ref name=":0">WTU
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Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from<nowiki/>https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Cardamine%20nuttallii</ref>
  
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===Distribution===
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British Columbia to California, chiefly west of the Cascades.<ref name=":2">WTU
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Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from<nowiki/>http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/browse.php?Family=Brassicaceae&Classification=Vascular%20Plants&BrowseBy=Family&OrderBy=SciName&Display=Descriptions</ref>
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===Habitat===
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Vernally moist forest openings and understory.<ref name=":0" />
 
===Seed===
 
===Seed===
 
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[[file:Cardamine nuttallii.jpg|thumb|250px|Photo by Lisa Hintz]]
'''Abreviation:''' CANU
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'''Seed sample from:''' 2007
 
'''Seed sample from:''' 2007
  
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'''Shape:'''  
 
'''Shape:'''  
Seeds a variety of shapes, mostly slightly flattened ellipses, with the hilium to opposite apex being the longest measurement. Some seeds lenticular in shape.
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Seeds a variety of shapes, mostly slightly flattened ellipses, with the hilum to opposite apex being the longest measurement. Some seeds lenticular in shape.
  
 
'''Additional Structures:'''
 
'''Additional Structures:'''
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'''Color:'''
 
'''Color:'''
Seeds golden brown with a tan or white hilium surrounded by a darker brown color.
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Seeds golden brown with a tan or white hilum surrounded by a darker brown color.
  
 
'''Surface:'''
 
'''Surface:'''
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'''Longitudinal cross section:''' elliptical [[File:CANU.png]]
 
'''Longitudinal cross section:''' elliptical [[File:CANU.png]]
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{{Basics}}
 
{{Basics}}
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===Photo Gallery===
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<gallery>
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File:CANU CNLMvol flw 2008 (5).jpg|Photo courtesy of CNLM
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File:CANU CNLMvol flw 2008 (4).jpg|Photo courtesy of CNLM
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File:CARNUT4.png|Seedling, photo courtesy of CNLM
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</gallery>
  
==Photo Gallery==
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===References===
==References==
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<references />

Latest revision as of 12:42, 25 June 2021

  • Scientific Name: Cardamine nuttallii
  • Family: Brassicaceae
  • Common Names: beautiful bittercres, Nuttall's toothwort, slender toothwort
  • Synonyms/Misapplications: Cardamine pulcherrima, Cardamine quercetorum, Dentaria tenella
  • Codon: CARNUT

Photo by Ben Legler, 2004. Also featured on Main Page

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Spermatophytina
Class: Asterales
Order: Asterales
Family: Brassicaceae
Genus: Cardamine L.
Species: Cardamine nuttallii Greene
Synonyms
  • Cardamine pulcherrima Greene
  • Cardamine gemmata Greene
  • Dentaria tenella Pursh
  • Dentaria gemmata (Greene) Howell

[1]

Description

Perennial, rhizomatous herb with erect stems to 2 dm tall, glabrous to slightly haired.[2] Basal leaves simple to 3-foliate,[3] long-petiolate, round to cordate, scalloped.[2] Cauline leaves 3-foliate, 1-3.[3] Inflorescences racemose, ebractate.[4] Flowers regular, 4-merous; sepals 4, outer pair basally saccate;[2] petals 4, pink, spatulate;[5] stamens 6, tetradynamous;[2] ovary superior, becoming linear siliques to 5 cm x 1.5 mm.[2]

Bloom Period

March-May[2]

Distribution

British Columbia to California, chiefly west of the Cascades.[4]

Habitat

Vernally moist forest openings and understory.[2]

Seed

Photo by Lisa Hintz

Seed sample from: 2007

Average Measurement: 1.75 x 1.1 x 0.7

Measurement range: L: 1.5 – 2.1, W: 1 – 1.3, D: 0.2 - 0.9

Features

Shape: Seeds a variety of shapes, mostly slightly flattened ellipses, with the hilum to opposite apex being the longest measurement. Some seeds lenticular in shape.

Additional Structures: Cotyledons accumbent with sulcus present in some.

Color: Seeds golden brown with a tan or white hilum surrounded by a darker brown color.

Surface: Seeds are deeply wrinkled or pitted. Wrinkles commonly oriented longitudinally, but not always. Seeds slightly lustrous.

Latitudinal cross section: elliptical CANUlat.png

Longitudinal cross section: elliptical CANU.png


Basic Explanations and Assumptions:

The dimensions for the seeds are length x width x depth. The location of the hilum is used as the base of the seed, and the length is measured from hilum to the opposite apex. Where a style is present, the length is measured from the hilum to the bottom of the style. Width is measured at a right angle to the length at the widest part. Depth is measured at a right angle to the intersection of height and width lines.

Measurements included are the mean average for each measurement of ten separate seeds.

All measurements in millimeters unless otherwise noted.

Photo Gallery

References

  1. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=501196
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved fromhttps://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Cardamine%20nuttallii
  3. 3.0 3.1 Flora of North America. Retrieved from http://dev.floranorthamerica.org/Cardamine_nuttallii
  4. 4.0 4.1 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved fromhttp://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/browse.php?Family=Brassicaceae&Classification=Vascular%20Plants&BrowseBy=Family&OrderBy=SciName&Display=Descriptions
  5. Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 293.