Castilleja hispida

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Revision as of 13:05, 25 March 2021 by Jjjj0917 (Talk | contribs) (Description)

  • Scientific Name: Castilleja hispida
  • Family: Orobanchaceae
  • Common Names: harsh paintbrush
  • Codon: CASHIS

Photo by Rod Gilbert, 2006. Also featured on Main Page

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Spermatophytina
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Asteranae
Order: Lamiales
Family: Orobanchaceae
Genus: Castilleja Mutis ex L. f.
Species: Castilleja hispida Benth.

[1]

Description

General: Perennial, the stems mostly unbranched, clustered, erect or ascending from a woody base, 2-6 dm. tall, finely villous. Leaves: Leaves alternate, lanceolate or broader, finely villous, the lower ones entire and reduced; upper leaves with 1-2 pairs of lateral lobes, these much narrower than the mid-blade. Flowers: Inflorescence showy, short and broad, becoming elongate, scarlet or red, occasionally yellow; bracts broad and deeply 3- to 5-lobed; calyx 15-30 mm. long, deeply cleft above and below, its primary lobes again divided into 2 segments; corolla 20-40 mm. long, its puberulent upper lip about equaling the tube, the lower lip only 1/5 as long, dark green, thickened; stamens 4. Fruit: Capsule.[2]


Bloom Period

Late April - August[2]


Distribution

Both sides of the Cascades, British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana.[2]


Habitat

Grassy slopes and forest openings, from sea level to moderate elevations in the mountains.[2]


Uses

Ecology and Wildlife

Pollinator food source. Important host plant for the federally endangered Taylor’s checkerspot butterfly. High palatability for browsing and grazing animals.

First Nations

Used to trap hummingbirds after being covered with snail slime, as well as its nectar being a source of candy for the Nitinaht.[3]


Propagation

a) SEED PROPAGATION

Castilleja hispida seed
Photo Credit Lisa Hintz

Seed

Seed sample from: 2011

Average Measurement: 1.5 x 0.9 x 0.9

Measurement Range: L: 1.1 – 2, W: 0.6 – 1.2, D: 0.6 – 1.1

Features

Shape: Seed coat cone shaped, tapered at hilum, broadening at opposite apex. Inner seed rice shaped.

Color: Tan seed coat, inner seed slightly darker.

Surface: Seed coat papery and honeycombed with slight luster. Inner seed laterally striate and matte.

Could be confused with: Castilleja levisecta

Latitudinal Cross Section: elliptical CAHI lat.png

Longitudinal Cross Section: obovate CAHI long.png

Basic Explanations and Assumptions:

The dimensions for the seeds are length x width x depth. The location of the hilum is used as the base of the seed, and the length is measured from hilum to the opposite apex. Where a style is present, the length is measured from the hilum to the bottom of the style. Width is measured at a right angle to the length at the widest part. Depth is measured at a right angle to the intersection of height and width lines.

Measurements included are the mean average for each measurement of ten separate seeds.

All measurements in millimeters unless otherwise noted.

Photo Gallery

References

http://plants.usda.gov/java/charProfile?symbol=CAHI9 http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php http://depts.washington.edu/propplnt/Plants/castilleja%20hispida.htm http://herb.umd.umich.edu/herb/search.pl

  1. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=33063
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved fromhttp://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Castilleja%20hispida
  3. Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=castilleja+hispida