Difference between revisions of "Toxicoscordion venenosum"
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==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
{{Taxobox | {{Taxobox | ||
| − | | name = Toxicoscordion venenosum | + | | name = ''Toxicoscordion venenosum'' |
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae | | regnum = [[Plant]]ae | ||
| − | | subregnum = | + | | subregnum = Viridiplantae |
| − | | phylum = | + | | phylum = Tracheophyta |
| − | | subphylum= | + | | subphylum= Spermatophytina |
| classis = Liliopsida | | classis = Liliopsida | ||
| subclassis = Lilidae | | subclassis = Lilidae | ||
| ordo = Liales | | ordo = Liales | ||
| familia = Melanthiaceae | | familia = Melanthiaceae | ||
| − | | genus = '''' | + | | genus = ''Toxicoscordion'' Rydb. |
| − | | species = '''''Toxicoscordion venenosum | + | | species = '''''Toxicoscordion venenosum''''' (S. Watson) Rydb. |
| binomial = | | binomial = | ||
| binomial_authority = | | binomial_authority = | ||
| − | | synonyms = ''Zigadenus venenosus'' | + | | synonyms = *''Zigadenus venenosus'' |
}} | }} | ||
| + | <ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=522732#null</ref> | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
Revision as of 22:41, 18 March 2021
- Scientific Name: Toxicoscordion venenosum var. venenosum
- Family: Melanthiaceae
- Common Names: death camas, meadow death camas, common death camas, deadly zigadenus.
- Synonyms and Misapplications: Zigadenus venenosus
- Codon: TOXVEN
Contents
Taxonomy
| Toxicoscordion venenosum | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Subkingdom: | Viridiplantae |
| Phylum: | Tracheophyta |
| Subphylum: | Spermatophytina |
| Class: | Liliopsida |
| Subclass: | Lilidae |
| Order: | Liales |
| Family: | Melanthiaceae |
| Genus: | Toxicoscordion Rydb. |
| Species: | Toxicoscordion venenosum (S. Watson) Rydb. |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Description
General: Glabrous perennial herb from an onion-like bulb, the simple stem 2-5 dm. tall. Leaves: Leaves mostly basal, linear, keeled, 1-3 dm. long and 3-6 mm. broad; cauline leaves strongly reduced upward. Flowers: Inflorescence a raceme (but sometimes the raceme branched at the base) up to 1.5 dm. long, the flowers all perfect; perianth white to cream-colored, bell-shaped; tepals 6, slightly unequal, the outer 4.5-5 mm. long, short-clawed, the inner about 0.5 mm. longer with a narrower, slightly longer claw; the gland at the base of each tepal yellowish-green, broader than long; stamens 6, about equal to the tepals; styles 3, distinct, 2-3 mm. long. Fruit: Capsule 8-15 mm. long.[2]
Bloom Period
April-July[2]
Distribution
British Columbia to Baja California, east to the Dakotas; var. venenosum more common west of the Cascades in Washington, var. graminaeum common in Eastern WA.[3]
Habitat
Coastal bluffs and prairies, grassy hillsides, and moister areas of shrub-steppe and open pine woodlands[3]
Uses
Medicinal Uses
Traditionally used as a violent emetic, sometimes mixed with blue flag; poultice of mashed roots applied to rheumatism, boils, bruises, sprains, sore legs, burns, swellings, rattlesnake bites, and broken bones to speed healing; mashed roots sometimes used as an arrow poison.[4]
References
Photo Gallery
In fruit. Photo Ben Legler
Photo Ben Legler
Seedling, courtesy of CNLM
- ↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=522732#null
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Toxicoscordion%20venenosum%20var.%20venenosum
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hitchcock, C. L., Cronquist, A., Giblin, D., & Legler, B. et al. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest: an illustrated manual. Seattle: University of Washington Press
- ↑ Native American Ethnobotany Database. Retrieved from http://naeb.brit.org/
