Difference between revisions of "Triodanis perfoliata"

Revision as of 12:09, 7 May 2012

Triodanis perfoliata seeds. Photo by Lisa Hintz

• Scientific Name: Triodanis perfoliata
• Family: Campanulaceae
• English Names: Venus's looking glass, clasping bellwort
• Other Names: Specularia perfoliata

Taxonomy

• Kingdom: Plantae
• (unranked): Angiosperms
• (unranked): Eudicots
• (unranked): Asterids
• Order: Asterales
• Family: Campanulaceae
• Genus: Triodanis
• Species: T. perfoliata

Description

General: Erect annual herbs, the stems erect, usually simple, 1-6 dm. tall, the surface rough.

Leaves: Leaves alternate, sessile, cordate-clasping, rotund-ovate, palmately veined, the leaves 0.5-3 cm. long and wide, or the lowermost ones narrower, more obovate, and short-petiolate.

Flowers: Flowers sessile in the axils of the middle and upper leaves, 1-several in each axil, in a leafy, spike-like arrangement; calyx lobes 5, divided to the base, narrowly triangular and pointed, 5-8 mm. long; corolla united, regular, the 5 lobes longer than the tube, 8-13 mm, long, deep purple to pale lavender; stamens 5, free from the corolla and from each other; the lower flowers do not open and the calyx of these is smaller and 3- or 4-lobed; ovary inferior.

Fruit: Capsules oblong, 2- or 3-celled, about 1 cm. long in the open flowers, half that size in the others.

Bloom Period

• Flowering time: May to June
• Fruit ripening time: June to July

Distribution

Habitat

Common weed species growing in waste places, disturbed sites, pastures, prairies, and roadsides ^[1]. Dry woods and open sites (Justice and Bell, 1968). Dry to moderately dry soils ^[2].

Uses

Site Rehabilitation

Useful for attracting pollinating insects. Fibrous roots have the capacity to stabilize disturbed soils ^{[3] [4]}

Wildlife

Attracts mega-chilid bee, sphecid wasps, leatherwing beetles ^[5]

Landscpaing

Annual species but possible to mass in beds for pleasing purple colour.

First Nations

Liquid compound of root taken for dyspepsia from overeating; Infusion of roots taken and used as a bath for dyspepsia; Used as an emetic; Smoked at ceremonies.

Propagation

Seed Propagation

• Seed collection time: June-August
• Crop intervals: Annual

Fruit and Seed Collection and Extraction

Collect capsules by hand into collection bags. Allow to dry, and then shake collection bags to release seeds.

Fruit/Seed Dormancy and Treatment

Sow seeds outdoors in flats or containers in late summer or early fall and allow dormancy to be broken naturally.

Outplanting Characteristics and Requirements

Plant in full sun to partial shade in coarse-textured, free-draining soils.

Photo Gallery

References

1. ↑ Seyermark, 1963
2. ↑ Douglas et al, 2002
3. ↑ USDA, 2002
4. ↑ Haddock, 2000
5. ↑ Gara and Meunhow, 1990

Garry Oak Ecosystems Recovery Team Propagation Guidelines
Burke Museum, Univeristy of Washington
University of Michigan Dearborn Native American Ethnobotany Database