Difference between revisions of "Viola glabella"

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* Latin Name: ''Viola'' ''glabella''  
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* Scientific Name: ''Viola'' ''glabella''  
 
* Family: Violaceae
 
* Family: Violaceae
 
* Common Names: stream violet, yellow wood violet, pioneer violet  
 
* Common Names: stream violet, yellow wood violet, pioneer violet  
 
* Codon: VIOGLA
 
* Codon: VIOGLA
[[File:VIGL BenLegler veg good.jpg|thumb|300px|''Viola glabella.'' Photo by Ben Legler 2004.]]   
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----
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[[File:VIGL BenLegler veg good.jpg|thumb|Ben Legler 2004, also featured on Main Page]]   
  
==Taxonomy==
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===Taxonomy===
 
{{Taxobox
 
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Viola Glabella''
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| name =
 
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
| subregnum = Viridiplantae
 
| subregnum = Viridiplantae
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<ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=22082#null</ref>
 
<ref>Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=22082#null</ref>
  
==Description==
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===Description===
General: Puberulent perennial from widely spreading, scaly, fleshy rhizomes, the flowering stems 5-30 cm. tall, leafless the lower two-thirds. <br />
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Native, perennial, rhizomatous<ref name=":0">WTU
Leaves: Leaf blades ovate-cordate to reniform, abruptly pointed, the basal leaves with petioles 10-20 cm. long; stipules membranous, ovate to obovate, 5-10 mm. long, entire.<br />
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Flowers: Flowers 8-14 mm. long, borne chiefly on the upper part of the stem, on peduncles about as long as the leaves; spur very short; petals clear yellow, the lower 3 with purple penciling, the lateral pair well bearded; style head copiously bearded.<br />
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Fruit: Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal, seeds brown.<ref name=":0">WTU
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  Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. (n.d.).  
 
  Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. (n.d.).  
Retrieved from  
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Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola%20glabella </ref> herb with cordate leaves and axillary yellow flowers, to 30 cm tall.<ref>Bowcutt, F., &
https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola glabella </ref>
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Hamman, S. (2016). ''Vascular Plants of the South Sound Prairies''. Olympia:
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The Evergreen State College Press. p. 113.</ref> Stems erect, 1-3,<ref name=":1">Jepson Herbarium Online Flora. Retrieved from https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=48214</ref> lower half leafless.<ref name=":0" /> Leaves simple, cordate, petiolate, crenate to serrate, basal leaves to 9.3 cm, cauline to 5.7 cm.<ref name=":1" /> Flowers 5-merous, solitary, axillary, zygomorphic; sepals 5, lanceolate-linear;<ref name=":1" /> petals 5, lowermost larger and spurred, upper 4 in 2 pairs;<ref name=":2" /> lower 3 petals with dark violet veins, lateral 2 bearded;<ref name=":1" /> stamens 5, connivent around pistil;<ref name=":2" /> pistil 3-carpellate with 1 style, globose stigma<ref name=":2" /> and superior ovary with parietal placentation becoming a 3-valved capsule.<ref name=":0" />
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===Bloom Period===
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March-July <ref name=":0" /><br />
  
 
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===Distribution===
==Bloom Period==
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Both sides of the Cascades in Washington, Alaska to California, east to Montana<ref name=":2">Hitchcock, C., Cronquist, Arthur, Giblin, David, Legler, Ben, Zika,  
Flowering
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Time: March-July <ref name=":0" /><br />
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Crop Intervals: Perennial <br />
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==Distribution==
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Both sides of the Cascades in Washington, Alaska to California, east to Montana<ref>Hitchcock, C., Cronquist, Arthur, Giblin, David, Legler, Ben, Zika,  
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Peter F., Olmstead, Richard G., . . . Porcino, Natsuko. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest : An illustrated manual'' (Second ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press ; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.</ref>
 
Peter F., Olmstead, Richard G., . . . Porcino, Natsuko. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest : An illustrated manual'' (Second ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press ; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.</ref>
  
==Habitat==
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===Habitat===
Moist woods and stream banks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
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Stream banks and moist forests, low to mid-elevations.<ref name=":0" />
  
==Propagation==
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===Propagation===
 
Stream violet is easy to establish in woodland gardens. It may reseed and can become somewhat weedy.
 
Stream violet is easy to establish in woodland gardens. It may reseed and can become somewhat weedy.
  
==References==
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===Photo Gallery===
 
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==Image Gallery==
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<gallery>
 
<gallery>
File:VIOGLA2.jpg|Photo by Susan Macdougall, 2014. Photographers website www.treeslivehere.com
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File:VIOGLA2.jpg|Susan McDougall, 2014. www.treeslivehere.com
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
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===References===
 
<references />
 
<references />

Latest revision as of 16:54, 30 June 2021

  • Scientific Name: Viola glabella
  • Family: Violaceae
  • Common Names: stream violet, yellow wood violet, pioneer violet
  • Codon: VIOGLA

Ben Legler 2004, also featured on Main Page

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Spermatophytina
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Rosanae
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Violaceae
Genus: Viola L.
Species: Viola Glabella Nutt.

[1]

Description

Native, perennial, rhizomatous[2] herb with cordate leaves and axillary yellow flowers, to 30 cm tall.[3] Stems erect, 1-3,[4] lower half leafless.[2] Leaves simple, cordate, petiolate, crenate to serrate, basal leaves to 9.3 cm, cauline to 5.7 cm.[4] Flowers 5-merous, solitary, axillary, zygomorphic; sepals 5, lanceolate-linear;[4] petals 5, lowermost larger and spurred, upper 4 in 2 pairs;[5] lower 3 petals with dark violet veins, lateral 2 bearded;[4] stamens 5, connivent around pistil;[5] pistil 3-carpellate with 1 style, globose stigma[5] and superior ovary with parietal placentation becoming a 3-valved capsule.[2]

Bloom Period

March-July [2]

Distribution

Both sides of the Cascades in Washington, Alaska to California, east to Montana[5]

Habitat

Stream banks and moist forests, low to mid-elevations.[2]

Propagation

Stream violet is easy to establish in woodland gardens. It may reseed and can become somewhat weedy.

Photo Gallery

References

  1. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=22082#null
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola%20glabella
  3. Bowcutt, F., & Hamman, S. (2016). Vascular Plants of the South Sound Prairies. Olympia: The Evergreen State College Press. p. 113.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Jepson Herbarium Online Flora. Retrieved from https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=48214
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Hitchcock, C., Cronquist, Arthur, Giblin, David, Legler, Ben, Zika, Peter F., Olmstead, Richard G., . . . Porcino, Natsuko. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest : An illustrated manual (Second ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press ; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.