Difference between revisions of "Standard 7"

Revision as of 14:39, 28 December 2007

Finance – 12/28/07 draft, Collin Orr

Introduction ==

Standard Seven explains the organization of The Evergreen State College’s financial health, planning, resources, management, and fundraising and development. The financial goals of the College are to support quality educational opportunities to meet the intellectual, academic, career, personal and developmental needs of our students and members of the community. The financial and business functions of the College are managed and led with the ideal of making the above mission a reality through enhanced funding. Toward this ideal, the College has a sound financial base demonstrated by adequate College reserves, a budget that reflects our visions and strategic plan, and a record of audit reports with no major findings. The College's growth and development reflect sound financial planning guided by policies and decisions made by the College Board of Trustees and President. The financial and business functions of the College are under the leadership and responsibility of the Vice President for Finance and Administration and a very capable group of employees who manage fiscal operations, capital facilities planning and construction, physical plant, human resources, information technology, bookstore, and conference services

Standard 7.A – Financial Planning

7.A.1

The college operates as part of a system of higher education institutions in the State of Washington coordinated by the Higher Education Coordinating Board. The governance of the college has been vested with the Board of Trustees as set forth in RCW 28B.40.120. Their general powers and duties include: full control of the college’s property; employment of the faculty and staff; and purchase of all goods and services necessary to conduct the business of the college except as otherwise provided by law.

The president and senior staff along with the Board of Trustees establish a legislative agenda and budget request which is then presented to the Office of Financial Management (the Governor’s budget agency) for review and clarification. This legislative agenda, after consultation with the Office of Financial Management, is submitted to the legislature as part of the Governor’s budget. The legislative agenda also includes capital funding and an enrollment plan with potential new enrollments for the College. The legislature establishes the college’s budgeted enrollment level and limits on tuition rates.

7.A.2

Financial planning for the college is directly tied to the college’s financial goals in the strategic plan. The “strategic directions” for the financial goals are: “diversify revenue streams” and “keep the growth of operating expenditures to sustainable levels”. All major budget decisions are reviewed to ensure they are in alignment with the strategic plan.

Although the legislature funds new enrollment levels, state appropriations as a percent of operating revenue have been slowly declining for several years. This decline has been offset by tuition and fee increases. To help keep tuition rates affordable, fundraising is the focus to diversify revenue streams. Increased revenue from fundraising will be used to increase student scholarships and fund faculty development and scholarly work.

Goods and services expenditures are controlled by state and college policies that dictate procedures that result in getting quality products and services at the best possible price. One example of this is the recent state Smart Buy contract with a vendor for office supplies. Energy efficiency is addressed during new construction and other capital projects. Vacancies in existing staff positions and requests for new positions are evaluated before hiring is approved to achieve staff efficiencies.

The state has a two year budget cycle which the college begins a year in advance. During this process the college prepares budgets for major revenue and expense categories based on expected enrollment levels and other program needs, including a capital budget.

The college’s physical resources are specifically addressed in the strategic plan’s support goals. The college has a ten-year capital construction plan which is updated every two years. Funding for capital projects is from two main sources, the legislature and a portion of student fees. The college updated its campus master plan in 2008 based on the strategic plan and this will help guide future capital requests.

7.A.3

In the Spring of each odd-numbered year, while the state legislature is approaching their final budget policy framework, Evergreen’s internal allocation process begins.

The Office of Operational Planning and Budget anticipates changes to our base funding levels such as state budget reductions (or enhancements), enrollment growth funding, and tuition or fee increases to establish an overall revenue policy framework.

The President and Vice Presidents discuss the implications of the anticipated revenue policy framework with the deans and directors to determine the budget themes that need to be addressed in the College’s allocation process. Normally, priorities will be consistent with those themes included in the College’s biennial budget request and may also include other priorities that have emerged since the College’s budget request was developed. It is at this stage that the President will decide if any college contingency strategies such as budget reductions or internal reallocation planning will be necessary.

The Vice Presidents are responsible for reviewing all budget decisions and modifications. The Divisional Budget Coordinators, Executive Director of Operational Planning and Budget, and the Business Manager will provide the necessary staff support for the Vice Presidents in this regard.

The Vice Presidents are responsible for 360 degree consultation while they are formulating an overall budget implementation strategy recommendation to the President. The Executive Director of Operational Planning and Budget will be responsible for core coordination activities and posting budget planning material on the College web site.

The Vice Presidents will conduct divisional and campus-wide budget hearings to provide information regarding the college’s most pressing needs and how those needs translate into budget priorities. Included in this discussion is the relationship of the proposed actions outlined in the College Long-range Plans for both the operating and capital budgets. If tuition or fee increases are considered by the Vice Presidents to be necessary, they will make special outreach efforts to consult students.

The President is responsible for finalizing a recommended budget to the Board of Trustees for their approval. The President’s proposal shall highlight any changes to the previously Board approved budget policy. The President will also identify modifications she/he made in the recommendations to the course of action recommended to her/him by the Vice Presidents.

The college publishes the president’s biennial operating and capital budget requests and it is available on the college’s website. Documents such as “Legislature 101: A guide to the Washington State Legislature” and “Budget 101: A Guide to Evergreen’s Budget” were developed to inform the campus community about the various budget processes.

7.A.4

Funding for most state system capital projects is from three main sources (capital appropriations from the legislature, Timber Trust Fund earnings and a portion of student fees) and therefore no college debt is incurred. However, capital funding for auxiliary services such as housing, food services, and the bookstore, is provided through revenue bonds or capital lease agreements with the Office of State Treasurer.

In 2006, the students voted to self- impose a fee to support a remodel of the College Activities building. The revenue from this fee will used to repay bonds issued to accomplish the remodel.

The college carefully reviews any requests for auxiliary capital funding to ensure that resources are sufficient for repayment. The Board of Trustee’s authorizes the borrowing of money and the issuance and sale of revenue bonds, and certain lease agreements. The college currently has outstanding Housing Revenue bonds in the amount of $7.5 million and capital lease agreements with State Treasurer’s Office in the amount of $1 million.

Standard 7.B – Adequacy of Financial Resources

7.B.1

Between state appropriations and tuition revenue, the college has a stable funding base. The college also receives funding from state and federal grants, auxiliary funds, local dedicated funds and fund raising.

The college has been able to carry forward over six million dollars in operating reserves, or more than 2% of the tuition revenue, for the past several years. This flexibility has allowed the college to meet unforeseen demands and make better strategic decisions. For the last two biennia, the college has not allocated 100% of the operating revenue in order to plan and implement goals in the strategic plan. In the 2007-09 operating budget, funding was approved to support strategic initiatives in sustainability and diversity.

The college continues to seek new revenue streams. An Extended Education program was initiated in 2005 and startup funding was provided. This program was given three years to show whether it would be financially viable.

7.B.2

The college’s resources are sufficient to meet its debt service requirements without negatively impacting operations. Evergreen keeps a minimum three-year history on funds borrowed and operating funds. A five-year projection of future debt service requirements is maintained and included in the notes to the annual financial statements.

7.B.3

The financial condition of the college has been stable for the past five years and there have been no material deficits. Operating revenues are budgeted and divisions are not allowed to deficit spend. Other operations are required to plan and operate in a fiscally responsible manner. Some individual accounts have had deficits during some periods, and these are addressed by the manager, director and vice-president responsible.

7.B.4

Mandatory and non-mandatory transfers among funds are controlled and approved by the appropriate person. These transfers are included in the financial statements and in the operating budget requests. Budget transfers in the operating fund between divisions must be approved by the Executive Director of Operational Planning and Budget.

7.B.5

Evergreen allocates its resources to protect the academic programs and support the educational goals in the strategic plan. When the College receives legislative funding for enrollment growth and tuition increases, instructional costs are funded first at the same level as existing programs. The balance of these funds, combined with internal reallocations, savings from efficiencies and other new revenue streams, is allocated to non-instructional areas for overhead, other growth related costs and a responsible contingency reserve. This reserve is available for funding new prioritized strategic initiatives, unknown contingencies such as union contract agreements, large one-time purchases or unexpected increases in areas like utility costs.

The budget and allocation process establishes a comprehensive practice for the college leadership to employ when making decisions on effectively funding the educational goals of the institution.

7.B.6

Evergreen’s student financial aid comes from three main sources, federal and state programs, Foundation scholarships and institutional aid. Federal and state aid is defined by the various government programs, and Foundation scholarships are governed by the fund raising efforts. Institutional aid, in the form of tuition waivers, was historically funded at 6% of tuition until 2007. In the 2007-09 budget request, the College asked for and received legislative approval to increase the funded waiver amount to 10% over the next 4(?) years. This will increase the amount of institutional waivers by 67%. For student recruitment and retention efforts, the college can and has allocated more than the 6% for tuition waivers with the approval of the Board of Trustees. This has reduced the net tuition revenue available for operating expenditures. This increase in funded waivers will result in an increase in net operating resources.

7.B.7

To meet fluctuations in operating revenue, expenses and debt service, Evergreen maintains a diversity of reserves. These reserves include:

Funds available from the operating budget that are not fully allocated. These funds are usually set aside for new initiatives and unknown needs.

Divisional and institutional operating reserves. These are allocated operating funds that are under-spent in one year and carried forward either by a division or the institution. These reserves have been in excess of six million dollars for several years. They are usually used to support one-time or temporary requests.

The College’s rainy day fund. This fund of approximately one million dollars is funded from miscellaneous local income and is for emergency use only.

Some self-supporting units, like summer school, have substantial fund balances that are used to augment otherwise unfunded requests in academics and elsewhere.

In addition, the college is conservative in estimating tuition revenue in the event enrollment levels or the mix of resident and non-resident students is different than projected.

7.B.8

At Evergreen, auxiliary services are of unique value to the overall operations of the college. Evergreen is physically located in a rural area with little or no services within several miles, except for a few apartment units. Therefore, the services and products provided by auxiliaries such as food services, housing, bookstore and duplicating services are not readily available from private retailers. It would be extremely inconvenient for the students, staff and faculty if these services were not available on campus. This also means some services are provided even though they may not be financially viable.

Evergreen is not dependent on the income of its auxiliaries to financially support the operations of the college. In a few instances, some auxiliaries have needed financial support from the operating income of the college. All auxiliaries are charged for services provided them by operating units of the college. A brief description of some of the major auxiliary services follows.

For several years, food services suffered significant losses. However, steps were taken to improve the financial condition including contracting with a new food service vendor, combining food services with the housing operation, and requiring all housing freshmen to purchase meal plans. These actions have greatly reduced the losses. Also, the food services facility is slated for a complete renovation in 2009-11 which should have a significant impact on their financial success.

Housing has always been self-supporting. In 2006, housing issued a 7.5 million dollar bond to pay off the remaining balance of the previous bond issue, and perform some major renovations of its oldest buildings. It has met its bond obligations, developed a ten year financial plan, and is building a reserve to continue to capital improvements.

The bookstore has been self-supporting, but has carried a negative fund balance since it first opened. It recorded profits for several years until recently. Most of the current decline is due to competition from on-line bookstores and a facility that is in need of a major renovation. The bookstore, located in the College Activities Building, is also planning for a complete renovation in 2009-11. So, for a one to two year period, the bookstore will be in a temporary location, but will move back to a new facility which should have a positive impact on their profitability.

Conference services has overall been self-supporting, but in recent years it has been challenged with finding space on campus to hold conferences. This has been due to major remodeling of existing buildings, both general academic buildings and housing buildings. This challenge will continue as major renovations of most major campus buildings are planned for the next several years. Although conference services is not highly profitable, its operations creates significant revenue for food services, housing and other operations on campus.

Other auxiliaries such as motor pool and duplicating services are internal service functions that are self-sufficient but are not designed to provide direct financial support to the college.

Standard 7.C – Financial Management

7.C.1

Quarterly, the President and Vice President for Finance and Administration provide financial information to the Board of Trustees that includes standard year to date financial statements for the entire college, and specific financial information on operating budgets and expenditures to date, auxiliary financial reports, capital expenditures and local dedicated fund activity. The President informs the board about any concerns relating to the financial health of the college. In the fall the board receives a financial report for the year ending June 30. The College’s audited report is reviewed by the full board and at least one board member attends the audit exit meeting with the State Auditor’s Office.

7.C.2

The financial management of the College is the responsibility of the Vice President for Finance and Administration. The Director of Business Services, who reports to the vice president, is responsible for all day to day financial transactions and the centralized major financial functions including payroll, purchasing, reporting, investments, cashiering and general accounting. The Executive Director of Operational Planning and Budget, who reports directly to the President, is responsible for budget development and monitoring, and long-range planning. He consults with the Budget Coordinators located within each division and who report directly to the appropriate Vice President. Qualified professionals occupy positions responsible for accounting functions and financial management.

7.C.3

The College’s expenditures and income are recorded and coordinated through the college’s financial processes which are governed in their basic structure by the state. The state sets financial standards and policy through the Office of Financial Management. Financial information is input and reported via the SCT Banner system, a computerized software program used by Evergreen and some other four year institutions in the state. This system interfaces with the state government accounting system and meets accounting and auditing guidelines. The Banner system’s financial management reporting module includes control tables, general ledger accounting, accounts payable, purchasing, customer accounts and cashiering. The annual College operating budget is input and processed through this system. The College has established organization codes to track and monitor financial activity within the departments of the College.

Each unit/department head is responsible for monitoring the budgets under their control. They have web access to current data on their budget and expenditures to date. The budget coordinator for each division is responsible for monitoring all the budgets in their division. The budget coordinators and the Executive Director of Operational Planning and Budget meet regularly, and also meet quarterly with the vice presidents to review and discuss the budget. The vice presidents meet regularly with the president.

Historical financial information is readily available in the accounting system and is used to effectively prepare and budget for future years.

The administration and accounting of financial aid is administered jointly by the Financial Aid office and business office. Financial Aid also uses an integrated Banner program that provides needs analysis, application tracking, award management, student loans, student employment monitoring, external reporting, and disbursement. The Financial Aid Director has responsibility for the college’s financial aid programs.

7.C.4

The Office of Financial Management establishes the standards and guidelines for cash management and investments. The college’s Investment Policy provides additional guidelines. The Director of Business Services and the Accounting Manager monitor the college’s investments. Investment options are very limited by Washington State Law, resulting in a conservative and safe investment strategy. Decisions on investments are based on current market conditions, interest rates, and the long term and short term cash needs of the college. Final approval for all investments is the responsibility of the Vice President for Finance and Administration. The Accounting Supervisor, under the auspices of the Director of Business Services, reviews all accounts and keeps the College cash management account in balance. The Vice President of Finance and Administration is provided a monthly report on all college investments.

Most of the college’s endowment funds are invested with a private investment firm, and the balance of the college’s cash assets are invested in certificates of deposit or with the state’s Local Government Investment Pool.

7.C.5

The college maintains an accounting system that records all transactions to facilitate reporting in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The professional accounting staff is fully knowledgeable of accounting principles.

7.C.6 – 7.C.10

The college is audited annually by the Washington State Auditor’s office for compliance and financial statements. The audits are conducted in accordance with generally accepted accounting principals, and all college funds are subject to the audit including financial aid and other specific programs. The audit is a “single audit process” covering both federal and state funds.

Since 2005, the audited financial statements have been available to the public on the college’s website. Prior to 2005, printed financial statements were available upon request.

7.C.11

The college’s internal auditor, a qualified professional, reports directly to the President. The internal auditor has developed a comprehensive audit plan and has full access to all college financial records and transactions. The internal auditor meets regularly with the Board of Trustees to discuss the results of internal audits performed. The auditor also meet regularly with the Vice President for Finance and Administration and the Director of Business Services to discuss the results of audits and recommended corrections.

7.C.12

The College takes recommendations from the state auditor and the internal auditor very seriously and strives to correct any items of concern expressed in the audits. Audit results from the State Auditor’s Office are reviewed by the Board of Trustees and published in a statewide audit report.

7.C.13

Recent audits and other federal, state and external reports are available for review.

Standard 7.D – Fund Raising and Development

The College and the Foundation work together to insure that fundraising activities by different College groups are coordinated and our community sees any solicitation of funds from a single source. The Foundation works closely with the College community to determine what fundraising and development activities would best serve the needs of the College

Organization

The institutional development program is administered by the Office of College Advancement, which includes management of The Evergreen State College Foundation, development including donor relations, development services and research, alumni affairs, marketing communications and college relations. Academic grant development is administered through the academic grants office under the auspices of the Provost’s Office. The Academic Grants Manager works closely with development officers in planning fundraising initiatives and identifying corporate and foundation prospects.

Historically the Foundation’s fundraising efforts have focused on providing financial assistance to students in the form of scholarships and activity grants, and increasing in recent years, providing support for faculty development and research. Significant foundation and corporate grants have helped expand and deepen the work of several of the college’s public service centers, most notably the Longhouse Cultural and Education Center and the Northwest Indian Applied Research Institute.

As state funding for higher education diminished during the last decade it has become increasingly clear that private dollars will be essential for not only supporting students but increasingly to ensure the quality of public higher education. With this understanding clearly at the forefront in 2004 the college president secured the services of the Collins Group to review and assess the organizational structure of the Advancement Division and provide recommendations intended to move the operation to the next level. Significant recommendations included the need to more directly tie fundraising initiatives and long-term plans to the institutional strategic plan. Though not the only driver this was a significant factor in the decision to launch the recent update to the college’s strategic plan. Other major recommendations of the Collin’s Group included the expansion and maturing of the annual fund program which provides significant dollars for scholarships and other critical college needs, the need to establish a major local fundraising event and a number of organizational recommendations that would provide the level of resources for both fiscal and personnel necessary for the college to consider entering into a major fundraising campaign.

Subsequent to these recommendations the Campbell Company was hired to help further enhance the Annual Fund Program. Working together we developed a three year plan to raise the level of giving and expand the numbers of alumni supporting the institution. In 2006, the first levels of recommendations were implemented and we saw a remarkable thirty percent increase in the annual fund from $338,000 to $448,000. For a mature annual fund program three to five percent increases per year are about what should be expected. The second level of recommendations was implemented in 2007 with another jump of over ten percent raising the fund to nearly $485,000. The goal for the current year is to raise a half million dollars in the annual fund and through the first months of the year we are substantially ahead of our tracking towards that goal.

Through the efforts of our president we were successful in 2005 in receiving a $1,000,000 grant from the Gates Foundation to help in building our fundraising program. These funds have provided the ability to work with additional consultants to train and develop staff, expand and deepen the fundraising infrastructure and fund additional staff for the effort. In addition the college itself, through its internal budget process, has provided significant new resources to college advancement as a whole. These new infusions of funds have provided resources for not only fundraising staff but also for our marketing and college relations staff and program. This assists our fundraising efforts by expanding the understanding and reputation of the college.

There have been significant changes to the staff in the past couple of years, both through turnover and through the additional resources for adding new staff positions. All of the leadership is relatively new. The Vice President, having served for 15 years as the Executive Associate to the President stepped into the leadership of this effort in August of 2006. In the past year she has hired a director of development, director of alumni affairs, executive director of marketing and communications, alumni assistant, administrative assistant, two major gifts officers and a new communications manager. While it is a relatively new staff it has already formed a closely knit and powerful team that collaborates well and understands how each of their areas can and must work together to assure a more stable financial future for the college and our students.

The Board of Governors itself has undergone intensive work in the past year to strengthen its ability to support fundraising efforts on behalf of the college. They have reviewed and revised many of their policies, reorganized the committee structure and particularly strengthened committees for fundraising and development and evaluation of the board itself. In the summer of 2007 the board met in a two day retreat for the first time concentrating on understanding the major college initiatives in need of fundraising in the coming year. That work was guided by the college’s updated strategic plan. For the first time the Board has committed to assisting the college in private fundraising to improve the quality of academic programs through ????

Foundation Policies

The College Advancement Office serves as the principal liaison with the Evergreen State College Foundation. The executive director of the Foundation is also the Vice President for the Division of College Advancement. In addition to the executive director, ex-officio members of the Foundation Board of Governors include a member of the Board of Trustees, the College President, and the Vice President for Finance and Administration.

The Foundation was established by the college Board of Trustees in July of 1976 and is governed by Articles of Incorporation adopted that same year and by-laws which were most recently reviewed and significantly updated in the Spring of 2007. In 1988, the development office became a unit of the newly created College Advancement division. By policy adopted February 1, 1990, all campus fundraising is cleared through the office of College Advancement ?????

The Foundation is subject to rules and regulations of the IRS as a tax exempt, 501(c) (3) “public” charity, and to regulations of the State of Washington governing non-profit organizations, as specified in chapter 24.03 RCW. According to its by-laws, the Foundation operates “exclusively for the purposes of promoting, supporting, maintaining, developing, increasing and extending educational offerings and the pursuit thereof at or in connection with The Evergreen State College…” The relationship between the Foundation and the College is established through a contract signed by both boards which follows the State Attorney Generals model for foundations affiliated with public institutions of higher education. That contract provides for state support of staff and provisions of resources including offices in exchange for dollars raised to support the institution and its students. The contract is reviewed and renewed every three years.

College staff and members of the Foundation Board of Governors engaged in fundraising efforts are guided by a variety of policies, procedures and guidelines designed to ensure that fundraising is conducted in a professional and ethical manner. Board members annually sign a conflict of interest policy declaration. An independent private auditor is secured each year to ensure ongoing adherence to gift accounting standards, consistent reporting procedures, and avoidance of conflicts of interest on the part of members of the Board of Governors. In order to assure that board and staff members stay current with ethical standards we are affiliated with a number of profession fundraising associations. We maintain an institutional membership in CASE (Council for Advancement and Support of Education), and individual staff memberships in NSFRE (National Society of Fund Raising Executives), the NPGC (National Planned Giving Council, AFP (Association of Fund Raising Professionals) and other local, regional and national groups. All of these professional associations provide ethical guidance. NSFRE has developed standards that provide guidance around issues of professional competence and commitment, stewardship, charitable mission, privacy, cultural diversity and conflicts of interest. The Standards of Professional Practice address issues involving civil and criminal laws, professional conduct, advocacy, compensation, and donor/prospect information.

New foundation board members attend an orientation session with staff and other board members at their first quarterly meeting. This orientation includes a review of ethical issues and considerations as well as information about legal and ethical requirements. Each board member has a Foundation Board Member Handbook covering these and other policies that is updated regularly. As part of annual evaluation of staff and the board we continue to provide professional development opportunities that keep us current and mindful of ethical obligations.

Administration of Endowment Funds

Through the Foundations work our students, faculty and staff now receive financial assistance from a range of endowment funds. Current funds are divided between those funds held by the Foundation and those held by the College. The College endowments are funds raised through the Foundation but matched through state matching programs. By statute those funds are then held by the college and invested according to state rules and not under control of the foundation. These funds have increased substantially since our last accreditation report.

Endowments 1997 value 2002 value 2007 value Percentage increase Foundation College

Management oversight of the foundation endowments is provided by the Vice President for College Advancement with day-to-day management, accounting, and record-keeping of all Foundation assets provide by the Vice President for Finance and Administration who also serves as the Assistant Treasurer for the Foundation. The Foundation signed an agreement with the University of Washington in 2003 to pool the Foundation’s funds with the University of Washington’s Consolidated Endowment Fund. The Foundation’s investment committee reviews the health of endowments on a monthly basis and the Vice President for Finance and Administration manages the pooling of any unrestricted cash balances.

The Foundation agreement with the University of Washington has dramatically increased the earnings potential for those endowments.

Total Giving 1990-91 1996-97 Increase 2001-02 increase 2006-07 02-07

increase	1997 – 2007

increase Dollars raised from all sources $498,608 $778,678 56% $1,038,807 33% 1,874,508 80% 141% Number of gifts from all sources 2,761 5,805 110% 5,560 -4% 7,305 31% 26% Dollars raised from alumni $39,087 $248,413 536% $182,919 -35% $370,488 103% 49% Number of gifts from alumni 889 2,836 219% 3,160 11% 5,152 63% 82%

Evergreen Annual Fund 1990-91 1996-97 Increase 2001-02 increase 2006-07 02-07

increase	1997 – 2007

increase Dollars raised from all sources $140,835 $187,352 33% $269,975 44% $484,506 79% 159% Number of gifts from all sources 1,812 3,665 102% 2,313 -58% 3,582 55% -2.26% Dollars raised from alumni $29,129 $87,456 200% $120,458 38% $252,441 110% 189% Number of gifts from alumni 761 2,247 195% 1,570 -43% 3,084 96% 37%