Difference between revisions of "Viola glabella"

From Puget Prairie Plants
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===Description===
 
===Description===
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General: Puberulent perennial from widely spreading, scaly, fleshy rhizomes, the flowering stems 5-30 cm. tall, leafless the lower two-thirds. <br />
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Native, perennial, rhizomatous<ref name=":0">WTU
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Leaves: Leaf blades ovate-cordate to reniform, abruptly pointed, the basal leaves with petioles 10-20 cm. long; stipules membranous, ovate to obovate, 5-10 mm. long, entire.<br />
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Flowers: Flowers 8-14 mm. long, borne chiefly on the upper part of the stem, on peduncles about as long as the leaves; spur very short; petals clear yellow, the lower 3 with purple penciling, the lateral pair well bearded; style head copiously bearded.<br />
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Fruit: Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal, seeds brown.<ref name=":0">WTU
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  Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. (n.d.).  
 
  Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. (n.d.).  
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Retrieved from  
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Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola%20glabella </ref> herb with cordate leaves and axillary yellow flowers, to 30 cm tall.<ref>Bowcutt, F., &
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https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola glabella </ref>
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Hamman, S. (2016). ''Vascular Plants of the South Sound Prairies''. Olympia:
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The Evergreen State College Press. p. 113.</ref> Stems erect, 1-3,<ref name=":1">Jepson Herbarium Online Flora. Retrieved from https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=48214</ref> lower half leafless.<ref name=":0" /> Leaves simple, cordate, petiolate, crenate to serrate, basal leaves to 9.3 cm, cauline to 5.7 cm.<ref name=":1" /> Flowers 5-merous, solitary, axillary, zygomorphic; sepals 5, lanceolate-linear;<ref name=":1" /> petals 5, lowermost larger and spurred, upper 4 in 2 pairs;<ref name=":2" /> lower 3 petals with dark violet veins, lateral 2 bearded;<ref name=":1" /> stamens 5, connivent around pistil;<ref name=":2" /> pistil 3-carpellate with 1 style, globose stigma<ref name=":2" /> and superior ovary with parietal placentation becoming a 3-valved capsule.<ref name=":0" />
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===Bloom Period===
 
===Bloom Period===
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Flowering
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March-July <ref name=":0" /><br />
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Time: March-July <ref name=":0" /><br />
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Crop Intervals: Perennial <br />
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===Distribution===
 
===Distribution===
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Both sides of the Cascades in Washington, Alaska to California, east to Montana<ref>Hitchcock, C., Cronquist, Arthur, Giblin, David, Legler, Ben, Zika,  
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Both sides of the Cascades in Washington, Alaska to California, east to Montana<ref name=":2">Hitchcock, C., Cronquist, Arthur, Giblin, David, Legler, Ben, Zika,  
 
Peter F., Olmstead, Richard G., . . . Porcino, Natsuko. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest : An illustrated manual'' (Second ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press ; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.</ref>
 
Peter F., Olmstead, Richard G., . . . Porcino, Natsuko. (2018). ''Flora of the Pacific Northwest : An illustrated manual'' (Second ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press ; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.</ref>
  
 
===Habitat===
 
===Habitat===
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Moist woods and stream banks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
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Stream banks and moist forests, low to mid-elevations.<ref name=":0" />
  
 
===Propagation===
 
===Propagation===

Latest revision as of 15:54, 30 June 2021

  • Scientific Name: Viola glabella
  • Family: Violaceae
  • Common Names: stream violet, yellow wood violet, pioneer violet
  • Codon: VIOGLA
Ben Legler 2004, also featured on Main Page

Taxonomy

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Subkingdom: Viridiplantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Subphylum: Spermatophytina
Class: Magnoliopsida
Subclass: Rosanae
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Violaceae
Genus: Viola L.
Species: Viola Glabella Nutt.

[1]

Description

Native, perennial, rhizomatous[2] herb with cordate leaves and axillary yellow flowers, to 30 cm tall.[3] Stems erect, 1-3,[4] lower half leafless.[2] Leaves simple, cordate, petiolate, crenate to serrate, basal leaves to 9.3 cm, cauline to 5.7 cm.[4] Flowers 5-merous, solitary, axillary, zygomorphic; sepals 5, lanceolate-linear;[4] petals 5, lowermost larger and spurred, upper 4 in 2 pairs;[5] lower 3 petals with dark violet veins, lateral 2 bearded;[4] stamens 5, connivent around pistil;[5] pistil 3-carpellate with 1 style, globose stigma[5] and superior ovary with parietal placentation becoming a 3-valved capsule.[2]

Bloom Period

March-July [2]

Distribution

Both sides of the Cascades in Washington, Alaska to California, east to Montana[5]

Habitat

Stream banks and moist forests, low to mid-elevations.[2]

Propagation

Stream violet is easy to establish in woodland gardens. It may reseed and can become somewhat weedy.

Photo Gallery

  • Susan McDougall, 2014. www.treeslivehere.com

References

  1. ↑ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved from https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=22082#null
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 WTU Herbarium, Burke Museum, & University of Washington. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Viola%20glabella
  3. ↑ Bowcutt, F., & Hamman, S. (2016). Vascular Plants of the South Sound Prairies. Olympia: The Evergreen State College Press. p. 113.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Jepson Herbarium Online Flora. Retrieved from https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=48214
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Hitchcock, C., Cronquist, Arthur, Giblin, David, Legler, Ben, Zika, Peter F., Olmstead, Richard G., . . . Porcino, Natsuko. (2018). Flora of the Pacific Northwest : An illustrated manual (Second ed.). Seattle: University of Washington Press ; Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.
Retrieved from "http://wikis.evergreen.edu/pugetprairieplants/index.php?title=Viola_glabella&oldid=5225"

The Evergreen State College